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Objective:To evaluate the effects of learning initiative on teaching effectiveness.Methods:The research subjects were the 2nd year medical students of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology. The learning initiative factor was calculated from the data of the attendance registration of the on-line learning of Physiology, and the performance of the on-line test was used as an evaluation indicator of teaching effectiveness. SPSS software was used to perform correlation analysis between the learning initiative factor and teaching effectiveness. Results:We found that learning initiative could significantly affect the teaching effectiveness, with differences among different specialties. There was a positive correlation between learning initiative and teaching effectiveness in clinical and pediatric medicine, while no correlation was observed in preventive medicine and medical imaging.Conclusion:In conclusion, learning initiative can affect teaching effectiveness, and the intensity of this effect shows difference among different specialties.
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The first family doctor studio was established at 2011 in Shanghai,afterwards a wide variety of family doctor studios were set up over the country.Family doctor studio has been become a significant form and carrier to promote the family doctor service.However,there are still lacks of unified standards and perfect mechanisms for its operation and evaluation.To adapt the reform of community health service,it is urgent to standardize the family doctor studio,to promote the development of the community health service and the reform of the family doctor system.Based on Zhoujiaqiao mode,Changning District has kept exploring the operation mechanism,standardizing the management and service mode,and promoting brand building of the family doctor studio since 2012.The service mode and operation mechanism of family doctor studio with Changning characteristics has gradually formed.This article summarizes the construction,development and improvement of the family doctor studio.
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Objective To explore the framework of organization and management of community health service institution in Changning district.Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted among 30 managers of 10 community health service centers in Changning district at October 2015.The questionnaire included the basic situation of the community health service institution,the operation of the current organization and management framework,and the intention of further adjustment.Results There were 5 systems (administration system,family doctor team system,inpatient system,support system and medical technical system) in current organization and management structure.Twenty seven responders (93.1％) thought that the bottlenecks and problems existed in the current organization structure (22 thought that the responsibilities of the organization and management system were unclear and overlapped;22 thought that the cooperation and coordination between systems were less strong;10 thought that organization systems had poor mutual understanding and consistency of action,2 mentioned other problems).Twenty five responders (86.2％) thought that the bottlenecks and problems existed in the current management structure (18 thought that the current management model was difficult to promote reform or new work;14 thought that there were more layers of management and less managerial efficiency;13 thought that there was lack of effective management measures;4 mentioned other problems).Twenty nine responders proposed suggestions dealing with the service function,management function,service organization form and new organization and management framework of community health service institutions.The family doctor studio as the core of service platform and management platform was recommended.Conclusions There are problems and bottlenecks in the current organization and management framework of community health service institutions in Changning district,and a new framework has been proposed according to the management recommendations.
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BACKGROUND:Stem cels are induced to differentiate into endothelial-like cels that can be used for the treatment of diabetic lower extremity vascular disease. However, it is unclear whether these endothelial-like cels can completely replace endothelial cels to improve vascular disease and what are the differences between endothelial-like cels and endothelial cels. OBJECTIVE:To explore the differences and similarities between endothelial-like cels and human umbilical vein endothelial cels in the aspects of morphology, function, and viability. METHODS:Umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cels and umbilical vein endothelial cels were isolated, cultured and identified using flow cytometry and immunohistochemical method. Isolated umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cels were induced in DMEM-LG/F12 containing 10 μg/L vascular endothelial growth factor, 10 μg/L basic fibroblast growth factor and 2% fetal bovine serum to differentiate into endothelial-like cels folowed by immunohistochemical identification. To compare endothelial-like cels with human umbilical vein endothelial cels, cel migration detection, active substance measurement and three-dimensional angiogenesis test were performed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Isolated umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cels strongly expressed the surface markers of mesenchymal stem cels, and human umbilical vein endothelial cels strongly expressed CD31 and VWF. After induction, the umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cels were identified to highly express CD31 and VWF. Through cel migration, active substance and three-dimensional angiogenesis tests, endothelial-like cels were similar to endothelial cels in the function and activity, and superior to endothelial cels. Cite this article:Hao XJ, Hao HY, Zhu MJ, Yuan Z, Li WW, Chen J, Zhu LY. Endothelial-like cels versus human umbilical vein endothelial cels. Zhongguo Zuzhi Gongcheng Yanjiu. 2016;20(1):83-88.
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Objective To investigate the effect of plasma homocysteine (Hcy) levels and cognitive dysfunction on patients with type 2 diabetes and explore the other factors that affect cognitive function.Methods 80 patients with type 2 diabetes were selected as our subjects and they were divided into cognitive impairment group (38 cases),cognitive normal group (42 cases) according to a simple mental state scale(MMSE) score.The plasma Hcy,glycosylated hemoglobin,blood lipid,uric acid,24 h urine trace albumin were measured.Results Plasma Hcy concentration in diabetic cognitive dysfunction,non cognitive impairment group and normal control group respectively were(19.56 ± 5.23),(16.21 ± 3.27),(14.67 ± 4.27) tmol/L,and there was statistically significant difference(F =3.76,P ＜0.05).The plasma Hcy levels in diabetic cognitive impairment group was higher than that non-cognitive impairment group(P ＜ 0.05) and normal control group (P ＜ 0.01),The factors impaired cognitive function in patients with other factors included age,glycosylated hemoglobin,body mass index,diabetes duration and plasma Hcy levels,and there were negative correlation with MMSE score (r =-0.336,-0.285,-0.226,-0.392,-0.312 ; all P values were less than 0.05).Conclusion Patient's age,duration of diabetes,glycosylated hemoglobin and BMI can affect cognitive function in patients.Higher Hcy levels in patients with type 2 diabetes is a risk factor for cognitive impairment.
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ObjectiveTo study the metastructure volumes of medial temporal lobe in diagnosis the patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) using 3 dimensional MRI.Methods23 AD patients according to DSM-Ⅳ criteria and 23 normal controls (NC) were examined with 3D-MRI.Hippocampus formation,amygdala,entorhinal cortex ( EC ),perirhinal cortex ( PC),and comu temporale were measured with 3D-MRI.ResultsSensitivity and specificity of diagnosis AD were 73.9％,97％ ( Hippocampus formation) ;39.1％,95.7％ (amygdala) ;73.9％,95.7％ (EC) ;95.7％,87.0％ (PC) and 34.8％,39.1％ ( cornu temporale).Overall discriminate function =cornu temporal × 3.887 + PC × 5.960 - EC × 0.074 + amygdale × 3.489 + hippocampus formation × 6.656- 22.449.Over-all-accuracy was 91.3％.ConclusionThe total volume of PC can better diagnosis the mild to moderate AD than other structure of medial temporal lobe.The changes of the medial temporal lobe volume could be used in diagnosis the patients with Alzheimer's disease.
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Objective To assess the reliability and validity of the Chinese version of the neuropsychiatric inventory (CNPI). Methods The CNPI was administered to 219 caregivers of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). Each caregiver was retested 4 weeks after initial testing. Results The Cronbach a coefficient of the total symptom scale was 0.69. The Cronbach α coefficient of the total caregiver distress subscale was 0.72. The Cronbach α coefficient of the entire inventory was 0. 82. The test-retest coefficients ranged from 0.66 to 0.98 (P < 0.01). Principal axis factoring analysis of the symptom subscale yielded a five-factor solution which contributed to 67.0% of the cumulative variance. Factor 1, which included aberrant motor behavior, hallucinations, delusion and irritability had the most significant contribution to the cumulative variance. Principal axis factoring analysis of the caregiver distress subscale also yielded a five-factor solution which contributed to 70.2% of the cumulative variance. Factor 1, which included depression, delusion, sleep/night behavior, aberrant motor behavior, and irritability had the most significant contribution to the cumulative variance. Conclusion This Chinese version of NPI is a reliable and valid tool for measuring neuropsychiatric disturbances in patients with AD.
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Objective To understand the distribution of medical resources in the various regions of Zhejiang so as to provide basis for furthering the rational allocation of health resources.Methods Using two-step cluster analysis based on intelligence cluster theories,medical resources in the 11 regions of Zhejiang were classified by calculating and comparing log-likelihood distances.Results The 11 regions were clustered into 4 different types of distribution according to AIC value,BIC value,and the principles of maximum distances and most optimal cluster and differentiation between the various types: type 1 included Hangzhou and Ningbo;type 2 included Zhoushan,Jinhua and Lishui;type 3 included Huzhou and Quzhou;type 4 included Wenzhou,Jiaxing,Shaoxing and Taizhou.Conclusion Medical resources in Zhejiang are unevenly distributed.The various regions there ought to take relevant measures to rationally allocate medical resources and improve the structure for the allocation of medical resources.