ABSTRACT
To find out the prevalence and proportion of anemia in pregnant women suffering from malaria. The aims and objectives of our study were to evaluate prevalence and proportion of anemia in pregnant women with malaria among the patients visiting the tertiary hospital PUMHS Hospital, Nawabshah, Shaheed Benazirabad so as to give awareness of these complications to doctors to ensure early diagnosis, prevention and prompt treatment of such cases. Descriptive observational study. This study was conducted at Outpatient Department of MMCH Hospital and Department of Pathology from April 2012 to February 2013. Study includes total 120 cases of malaria, diagnosed on the basis of clinical and laboratory findings. The hematological complications like anemia, leukocytosis and thrombocytopenia were studied in these patients. Out of 120, 64 patients were anemic. We divided pregnant women into 5 groups, 40 patients were in 16 - 20 years age group and amongst them 55% patients were anemic, 34 patients were in 21 - 25 years age group and amongst them 50% were suffering from anemia, 22 patients were in age group 26-30 and amongst them 22 % anemic, 15 cases were in age group 31 - 35 and out of them 46% were anemic and in age group 36-40 years 46 percent were anemic. Overall there were 53% anemic patients in total of 120. According to the occupation status majority were daily wages laborers and farmers and other were housewives. Out of 120 patients most of them were Multigravida. Most of the patients were suffering from anemia, 76% patients had Leucocytosis with Neutrophillia, 74 percent patients had complication of Lymphocytosis, 80 percent of patients had decreased level of monocytes and 60 percent had decreased level of platelets. All the patients were suffering from fever and associated symptoms of chills, sweating, feeling of hotness and coldness, 63 percent had back pain, 45 percent had headache and 23 percent had complication of Spleenomegaly. The diagnosis of malaria was made on clinical grounds and confirmed by laboratory findings. The problems of hematological complications as anemia, leukocytosis and thrombocytopenia were detected among the patient of malaria by determining hemoglobin concentration, complete blood picture and urine examination report. P.vivax malaria is most prevalent variety. Anemia, leukocytosis and thrombocytopenia are the most common hematological complications in these patients. It is suggested to ensure i. Effective malaria control program in country, specially interior Sindh. ii. Effective measures for prevention, diagnosis and treatment of patients. iii. effective health education through electronic and print media
ABSTRACT
Vitriolage is a reprehensible crime. It is an easy mean of taking revenge in our society. The most common victims of this criminal act are women. This study highlights the sociodemographic profile of such cases. Retrospective / observational study. This study was conducted in the medico-legal section of Deptt. of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, PUMHS for Women, District Shaheed Benazirabad during the period from 1[st] January 2013 to 31[st] December 2013. Sixteen cases of vitriolage were studied with reference to age, literacy, socioeconomic background, marital status, occupation, relationship with offender, time of incidence, time between occurrence and medical examination, place of incidence. All the cases were females, majority in age group 20-30, unmarried, uneducated, from middle class, had first degree burns and disfigurement of face. The offenders were known to victims in all the cases. The problem needs to be acknowledged by public at large. Individuals social issues should be resolved timely and wisely to guard against such happenings. Emotionally unstable people must be provided counseling by psychologists. The initiative taken by Peshawar High Court in the form of restriction on the sale of acid is a great attempt to minimize the risk and should be appreciated
ABSTRACT
Administration of quinolone therapy is controversial during growing age as stated by earlier authors. The flouroquinolones are currently not indicated for young children because of arthropathy and adverse effect as new born shown by studies. However the effects of ciprofloxacin and ZnCl[2] on prenatal conceptus have remained undocumented. The present study was designed to compare the effects on conceptus after maternal ingestion of ciprofloxacin and ZnCl[2] using Wastar albino rats. Ciprofloxacin and ZnCl[2] was administrated to pregnant female albino rats. Ciprofloxacin with a dose of 20 mg/Kg bodyweight and ZnCl[2] 120 microg/100 gm bodyweight two times therapeutic dose for 10 days [from day 8-18 of pregnancy]. Each animal was weighted on day 1, day 8 and day 18 of pregnancy. Abortion resulted on day 18[th] of pregnancy. Each group of pregnant animals were sacrificed on day 18 of gestation by over dose of either anaesthesia, abdomen opened, uterus and both cornua containing conceptus identified, removed, there weight recorded, crown rump length was measured and was compared with similar value of control animals. The results were statistically analysed to find out the significance. The ciprofloxacin induces a mordanting effect as obviated by increased basophilia. Our study reveals that ciprofloxacin administered in maternal, decreased maternal body weight to 38.4 +/- 0.9 gm. However simultaneous ZnCl[2] maintained the body weight to 41.4 +/- 0.7 gm, while ZnCl[2] increased the body weight to 46.5 +/- 2.25 gm. The body weight and Crown Rump length [CR Length] in conceptus decreased by 4.52 +/- 0.10 gm and 3.06 +/- 0.09 Cm respectively. That ciprofloxacin and ZnCl[2] administration maintained the body weight and CR length by 5.46 +/- 0.09 gm and 3.79 +/- 0.13 Cm respectively. That ZnCl[2] administration increased the body weight and CR length by 6.71 +/- 0.05 gm and 4.15 +/- 0.08 Cm respectively. Prenatal administration of Ciprofloxacin caused reduction in growth rate and CR length, and ZnCl[2] maintained body weight and CR length and growth of the rat conceptus.
ABSTRACT
To find out the prevalence of malaria in district Shaheed Benazirabad [SBA]. To Study the proportion of haematological complications among the patients who present with malaria. This is descriptive and experimental study. This study was conducted at Medical Out Patients Department [OPD] and Pathology Department of PUMHSW Peoples Medical College and Hospital at district [SBA] from April 2008 to September 2010. A total 1200 cases of malaria diagnosed on basis of clinical and laboratory findings were recorded. The proportion of haemotological complication including anaemia, leucocytosis and thrombocytopenia among these patients were also studied. Out of 1200 patients, 700 [58.33%] were children and remaining 500 [41.77] were adults. Ages of these patients including children and adults ranged between 5 to 65 years with a mean of 35 +/- 30 years. Male to female ratio in these patients were 1.1:1. The diagnosis of malaria was made by clinical as well as by laboratory findings. The problem of haematological complications as anaemia, leucocytosis and thrombocytopenia were detected among the patient with malaria by determination of Haemoglobin Concentration and Complete Blood Count [CBC]. Malaria is more prevalent in district SBA, and many of these patient are children and women. Anaemia, leucocytosis and thrombocytopenia are common haematological complications in them
ABSTRACT
To evaluate the frequency of hypochromic microcytic anemia commonly due to iron deficiency in female primgravida and multigravida patients. This also entails comparing both groups in the context of hemoglobin, MCV and RDW as study tools. Cross sectional analytical study. This study was conducted at the Obstetrics Department, Peoples Medical College Nawabshah from July 2008 to Oct 2008. This cross sectional study was carried out on 200 women [100 primigravida and 100 multigravida] with anaemia in their third trimester of pregnancy attending the Obstetrics Department, Peoples Medical College Nawabshah from July 2008 to Oct 2008. Hemoglobin, MCV and RDW levels were assessed in all cases. Data was analyzed using SPSS and students t test was used for evaluation of significance. Mean Haemoglobin +/- SD in Primigravida [Group A, n=100] and Multigravida [Group B, n=100] were 7.85 +/- 1.33 and 6.26 +/- 1.65 with ranges 3.1-10.9 and 3.2-10.4 gm/dl respectively. Mean MCV +/- SD in Group A and B were 63.95 +/- 4.71 and 62.08 +/- 4.97 with ranges 54.4-73.7 and 48.2 -73.7 fl respectively. Mean Red Cell Distribution Width [RDW, SD] +/- SD in Group A and B of anaemic patients were 19.83 +/- 3.05 and 21.31 +/- 3.32 with ranges 14.0-27.4 and 14.0-29.2 x 10[3] /micro l respectively. The results were significant in both groups. In Interior Sindh both primigravida and multigravida females are at high risk of developing iron deficiency anaemia and more so in multigravida. Aggressive health measures need to be taken to control this major health problem in Interior Sindh in particular and in the country as a whole especially in remote areas by promotion of regular consumption of food rich in iron and folates. The identification and treatment of severely anaemic patients with provision of iron supplement, improving personal hygiene, pure water supply and early antenatal diagnosis and follow up can decrease the prevalence of anaemia in pregnant women nationally and internationally. Need of the days remains the preparation and implementation of national nutrition plan with a special emphasis of controlling iron deficiency anemia during pregnancy