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1.
Int. braz. j. urol ; 50(4): 470-479, July-Aug. 2024. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1569214

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Purpose The clinical outcomes of kidney transplantation from deceased donors have seen significant improvements with the use of machine perfusion (MP), now a standard practice in transplant centers. However, the use of perfusate biomarkers for assessing organ quality remains a subject of debate. Despite this, some centers incorporate them into their decision-making process for donor kidney acceptance. Recent studies have indicated that lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), glutathione S-transferase, interleukin-18, and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) could predict post-transplant outcomes. Materials and Methods Between August 2016 and June 2017, 31 deceased-donor after brain death were included and stroke was the main cause of death. Pediatric patients, hypersensitized recipients were excluded. 43 kidneys were subjected to machine perfusion. Perfusate samples were collected just before the transplantation and stored at -80ºC. Kidney transplant recipients have an average age of 52 years, 34,9% female, with a BMI 24,6±3,7. We employed receiver operating characteristic analysis to investigate associations between these perfusate biomarkers and two key clinical outcomes: delayed graft function and primary non-function. Results The incidence of delayed graft function was 23.3% and primary non-function was 14%. A strong association was found between NGAL concentration and DGF (AUC=0.766, 95% CI, P=0.012), and between LDH concentration and PNF (AUC=0.84, 95% CI, P=0.027). Other perfusate biomarkers did not show significant correlations with these clinical outcomes. Conclusion The concentrations of NGAL and LDH during machine perfusion could assist transplant physicians in improving the allocation of donated organs and making challenging decisions regarding organ discarding. Further, larger-scale studies are required.

2.
Rev. Col. Bras. Cir ; 46(2): e2079, 2019. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1003093

ABSTRACT

RESUMO Com a utilização crescente da máquina de perfusão no transplante renal, tem sido constatado que a isquemia dinâmica correlaciona-se à melhora da preservação orgânica. Nesse contexto, realizamos uma revisão sistemática que procurou avaliar a eficácia do uso de máquina de perfusão portátil (LifePort Kidney Transporter Machine®), utilizada no Brasil, comparada ao armazenamento estático, no que tange à função retardada do transplante renal de doadores com morte encefálica. Foi efetuada pesquisa bibliográfica, nas bases LILACS, MEDLINE via PubMed, Scopus, Clarivate Analytics, Cochrane Library, Embase, SciELO, além de busca manual no Google acadêmico. A revisão sistemática, finalizada em abril 2017, foi constituída somente por ensaios clínicos randomizados. Para metanálise, foram avaliadas Razão de Risco e Razão de Chance. Foram identificados 86 documentos e selecionados, ao final, dois artigos com critérios de elegibilidade para metanálise, de grupos europeus e brasileiros. Nestes, 374 rins foram alocados para a máquina de perfusão, e igual número para o armazenamento estático. A função retardada do enxerto foi constatada em 84 e 110 pacientes, respectivamente. Na metanálise, foram obtidas uma Razão de Risco de 0,7568 (p=0,0151) e uma Razão de Chance de 0,6665 (p=0,0225), ambas com intervalo de confiança de 95%. A máquina de perfusão reduziu a incidência de função retardada do enxerto de doadores com morte encefálica.


ABSTRACT With the increasing use of machine perfusion in kidney transplantation, it has been observed that dynamic ischemia correlates with the improvement of organ preservation. In this context, we performed a systematic review that aimed to evaluate the efficacy of the portable machine perfusion (LifePort Kidney Transporter Machine®), used in Brazil, compared to cold storage, regarding the delayed graft function of deceased donors with brain death. Literature search was carried out in LILACS, MEDLINE via PubMed, Scopus, Clarivate Analytics, Cochrane Library, Embase, and SciELO, as well as in Google Scholar manually. The systematic review consisted only of randomized clinical trials. For meta-analysis, relative risk and odds ratio were evaluated. Eighty-six documents were identified and two papers from European and Brazilian groups were selected at the end, with eligibility criteria for meta-analysis. In these, 374 kidneys were assigned to machine perfusion and 374 kidneys were assigned to cold storage. Delayed graft function was observed in 84 and 110 patients, respectively. In meta-analysis, a risk ratio of 0.7568 (p=0.0151) and an odds ratio of 0.6665 (p=0.0225) were obtained, both with a 95% confidence interval. Machine perfusion reduced the incidence of delayed graft function of deceased donors with brain death.


Subject(s)
Humans , Organ Preservation/methods , Perfusion/methods , Brain Death , Cold Ischemia/methods , Kidney , Organ Preservation/instrumentation , Perfusion/instrumentation , Time Factors , Pulsatile Flow , Reproducibility of Results , Risk Factors , Kidney Transplantation/methods , Delayed Graft Function
3.
Rev. Col. Bras. Cir ; 42(1): 62-66, Jan-Feb/2015.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-746252

ABSTRACT

The antiandrogenic therapy (ADT) for prostate cancer represents an additional risk factor for the development of osteoporosis and fragility fractures. Still, bone health of patients on ADT is often not evaluated. After literature research we found that simple preventive measures can prevent bone loss in these patients, resulting in more cost-effective solutions to the public health system and family when compared to the treatment of fractures.


A terapia antiandrogênica (TAD) para câncer de próstata representa um fator de risco adicional para o desenvolvimento de osteoporose e fraturas de fragilidade. Mesmo assim, a saúde óssea dos pacientes sob TAD frequentemente não é avaliada. Após pesquisa na literatura, observamos que medidas preventivas simples podem prevenir a perda de massa óssea nestes pacientes, resultando em soluções mais custo-efetivas para o Sistema Público de Saúde e familiares quando comparadas ao tratamento das fraturas.


Subject(s)
Humans , Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone , Hormones , Osteoporosis , Prostatic Neoplasms , Testosterone
4.
Int. braz. j. urol ; 41(1): 110-115, jan-feb/2015. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-742883

ABSTRACT

Introduction Non-androgenic growth factors are involved in the growth regulation of prostate cancer (PCa). Objective This is the first Brazilian study to correlate, in a population of patients operated for PCa, PSA, total testosterone, insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) and insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) with Gleason score and to compare with a control group with benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH). Materials and Methods This retrospective single-center study included 49 men with previously diagnosed PCa and 45 with previously diagnosed BPH. PSA, testosterone, IGF-I, IGFBP-3 were determined in both groups. Results PSA and IGFBP-3 levels were significantly higher in the PCa group as compared to the BPH group (p<0.001 and p=0.004, respectively). There was a significant difference when we compared the PSA before surgery (p<0.001) and at the inclusion in the study (p<0.001) and IGFBP3 (0.016) among patients with Gleason <7, ≥7 and BPH. In the PCa group, PSA, testosterone, IGF-I and IGFBP-3 levels were comparable between Gleason <7 and ≥7. Conclusions Our data suggest that in localized PCa, the quantification of PSA and, not of IGF-1, may provide independent significant information in the aggressiveness. IGFBP-3 could be a biochemical marker of disease control in PCa patients. .


Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Humans , Male , Mice , Pregnancy , Air Pollutants/toxicity , Cell Differentiation/drug effects , Depressive Disorder/physiopathology , Nanoparticles/toxicity , Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects/physiopathology , Animals, Newborn , Blotting, Western , Cells, Cultured , Cities , Depressive Disorder/etiology , Hippocampus/metabolism , JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases/metabolism , Maze Learning/drug effects , Neurites/drug effects , Neurites/physiology , Neurons/cytology , Neurons/drug effects , Pilot Projects , Particulate Matter/toxicity , Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects/etiology
5.
Int. braz. j. urol ; 39(3): 393-401, May/June/2013. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-680099

ABSTRACT

Introduction Published data suggest that patients with acromegaly have an increased prevalence of prostate disorders. Objective To evaluate prostatic disorders in acromegalic patients comparing these results after one year of treatment of acromegaly and with a group of healthy men. Materials and Methods This study was composed of two parts: sectional study comparing patients with healthy controls (baseline) and prospective, longitudinal study (at baseline and after one year of treatment). Forty acromegalic patients were enrolled and evaluated at baseline and after one year with the application of international prostatic symptoms score (IPSS), digital rectal examination, measurements of growth hormone (GH), insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I), insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3), sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), prolactin, luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), total testosterone, total and free prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels and prostate ultrasonography (US). Thirty healthy men were selected as control group. Results We stratified patients and controls according to age, considering 40 years-old as cut off. Healthy controls under 40 had IPSS values lower than acromegalic patients. When considering only older patients and controls prostate hyperplasia and structural abnormalities were more frequent in acromegalics. After one year of treatment there was significant decrease in GH, IGF-I and prostate volume in acromegalics over 40 years-old. Conclusions Acromegalics under 40 have more urinary symptoms according to IPSS and above 40 years-old higher frequency of structural changes and increased prostate volume than healthy men. Significant reduction of GH and IGF-I levels during treatment of acromegaly leads to decrease in the prostate volume. .


Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Acromegaly/physiopathology , Acromegaly/therapy , Prostatic Diseases/physiopathology , Age Factors , Acromegaly/metabolism , Brazil , Case-Control Studies , Digital Rectal Examination , Gonadotropins, Pituitary/blood , Growth Hormone/blood , /blood , Insulin-Like Growth Factor I/analysis , Prostate-Specific Antigen/blood , Prostatic Diseases/metabolism , Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin/analysis , Treatment Outcome , Testosterone/blood
6.
Rev. Col. Bras. Cir ; 37(6): 426-434, nov.-dez. 2010. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-625234

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Mostrar a experiência do tratamento cirúrgico do transgenitalismo (masculino/feminino) realizado no Programa de Transgenitalização do Hospital Universitário Clementino Fraga Filho, - UFRJ. MÉTODOS: A seleção dos pacientes para operação de transgenitalismo obedeceu à avaliação de equipe multidisciplinar, atendendo aos critérios definidos, após dois anos de acompanhamento conjunto: diagnóstico médico de transexualismo; paciente maior de 21 anos; ausência de características físicas inapropriadas para a mudança; apoio de pelo menos um familiar próximo. RESULTADOS: De 1997 a 2004 foram atendidas dezessete, pessoas quinze confirmaram a condição transexual, uma foi afastada por ter trazido exames falsos. Do total de dezesseis transexuais, foram realizadas seis operações. As pacientes operadas situavam-se na faixa de 25 a 40 anos com média de 31 anos. O procedimento cirúrgico foi concluído sem dificuldades técnicas em todas as pacientes . Uma paciente apresentou estenose do neo meato e em outra foi necessário encurtar um pouco mais a uretra. CONCLUSÃO: A técnica operatória não oferece maiores dificuldades em sua execução, mas pode depender das condições locais e da criatividade do cirurgião. A dificuldade maior está em preparar estes pacientes para que não haja frustrações ou expectativas demasiadas.


OBJECTIVE: To describe the experience of male-to-female sex reassignment surgery conducted at the Transgenitalization Program of the Clementino Fraga Filho University Hospital -UFRJ. METHODS: The selection of patients for operation followed the evaluation of a multidisciplinary team, meeting the criteria after two years of follow-up: medical diagnosis of transsexualism, patient over 21 years, no physical characteristics unsuitable for change, support at least one close relative. RESULTS: From 1997 to 2004 seventeen patients were followed, fifteen of which had confirmed transsexual condition, one was dismissed for bringing false examinations. Of the total of sixteen transsexuals, six operations were performed. The operated patients were in the age range of 25 to 40 years with an average of 31. The surgical procedure was completed without any technical difficulties in all patients. One patient had stenosis of the neo meatus and in another it was necessary to shorten the urethra. CONCLUSION: The technique provides no major difficulties in implementation, but may depend on local conditions and surgeon's creativity. The greatest difficulty is to prepare these patients so that there are neither frustrations, nor too many expectations.


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Transsexualism/surgery , Brazil , Gynecologic Surgical Procedures/methods , Hospitals, University , Retrospective Studies
7.
Rev. Col. Bras. Cir ; 37(6): 447-449, nov.-dez. 2010. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-625237

ABSTRACT

Estadiamento loco-regional convencional para adenocarcinoma de próstata tem sido demonstrado um tanto quanto subdiagnosticado. Por isso, RM da próstata está emergindo como uma ferramenta importante para o estadiamento pré-cirúrgico. Técnicas avançadas, como a difusão e valorização de contraste dinâmico também contribuem para aumentar a sua acurácia. Neste estudo preliminar, a RM de próstata foi comparada com amostras de histopatologia, alcançando sensibilidade de 78% / especificidade de 100% para a localização do tumor; sensibilidade de 33% / especificidade de 100% para extensão extra-capsular; 100% de sensibilidade / especificidade e 100% da extensão das vesículas seminais. É possível acreditar que estes resultados preliminares são promissores, e mais casos tendem a confirmar estes dados.


Conventional staging for locoregional prostate adenocarcinoma has been demonstrated as potentially underdiagnosing. Therefore, prostate MRI is emerging as an important tool for staging before surgery. Advanced techniques such as diffusion and dynamic contrast enhancement also contribute to increasing its accuracy. In this preliminary study, MRI was compared with prostate histopathology samples, reaching 78% sensitivity and 100% specificity for tumor localization; 33% sensitivity and 100% specificity for extracapsular extension; 100% sensitivity and 100% specificity for involvement of the seminal vesicles. It is possible to believe that these preliminary results are promising, and more cases will tend to confirm these data.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Prostatic Neoplasms/pathology , Neoplasm Staging , Prostatectomy , Prostatic Neoplasms/surgery
8.
Arq. bras. endocrinol. metab ; Arq. bras. endocrinol. metab;53(8): 963-968, nov. 2009. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-537032

ABSTRACT

Acromegalic patients have an increased prevalence of prostatic disorders compared to age-matched healthy subjects. Increased size of the whole prostate or the transitional zone, together with an elevated incidence of other structural changes, such as nodules, cysts, and calcifications, have been reported. Prostate enlargement in young acromegalic patients with low testosterone levels due to central hypogonadism supports the hypothesis that chronic GH and IGF-I excess cause prostate hyperplasia. The relationship between prostatic carcinoma and acromegaly is, until now, only circumstantial. Long-term follow-up of these patients is necessary since epidemiologic studies showed association between serum IGF-I levels in the upper normal limit and prostate cancer in the general population. This review approaches prostate diseases in patients with acromegaly.


Pacientes com acromegalia têm uma prevalência aumentada de desordens prostáticas em comparação a controles saudáveis da mesma idade. Aumento do tamanho de toda a próstata ou da zona de transição, juntamente com uma incidência elevada de outras alterações estruturais, como nódulos, cistos e calcificações, foi descrito. O aumento da próstata em acromegálicos jovens e com níveis baixos de testosterona devido ao hipogonadismo central sugere que o excesso crônico do GH e do IGF-I cause hiperplasia prostática. A relação entre câncer de próstata e acromegalia é, até o momento, apenas circunstancial. Entretanto, um seguimento prolongado desses pacientes é necessário uma vez que estudos epidemiológicos reportaram uma associação entre níveis séricos de IGF-I no limite superior da normalidade e câncer de próstata na população geral. Esta revisão aborda as patologias prostáticas em pacientes com acromegalia.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Acromegaly/complications , Prostatic Neoplasms/etiology , Human Growth Hormone/physiology , /physiology , Insulin-Like Growth Factor I/analysis , Insulin-Like Growth Factor I/physiology , Prostate/metabolism , Prostate/pathology , Prostatic Hyperplasia/etiology , Prostatic Neoplasms/blood
9.
Arq. bras. endocrinol. metab ; Arq. bras. endocrinol. metab;53(8): 969-975, nov. 2009. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-537033

ABSTRACT

Prostate cancer is the second most frequent malignancy diagnosed in adult men. Androgens are considered the primary growth factors for prostate normal and cancer cells. However, other non-androgenic growth factors are involved in the growth regulation of prostate cancer cells. The association between IGF-I and prostate cancer risk is well established. However, there is no evidence that the measurement of IGF-I enhances the specificity of prostate cancer detection beyond that achievable by serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels. Until now, there is no consensus on the possible association between IGFBP-3 and prostate cancer risk. Although not well established, it seems that high insulin levels are particularly associated with risk of aggressive prostatic tumours. This review describes the physiopathological basis, epidemiological evidence, and animal models that support the association of the IGFs family and insulin with prostate cancer. It also describes the potential therapies targeting these growth factors that, in the future, can be used to treat patients with prostate cancer.


O câncer de próstata é a segunda neoplasia mais frequentemente diagnosticada em homens adultos. Os androgênios são considerados fatores de crescimento primários para células prostáticas normais e malignas. Entretanto, outros fatores de crescimento não androgênicos estão envolvidos na regulação do crescimento das células prostáticas malignas. Associação entre IGF-I e risco de câncer de próstata é bem estabelecida. No entanto, não há evidência de que a dosagem do IGF-I melhore a especificidade na detecção do câncer de próstata, além daquela alcançada pelos níveis de antígeno prostático específico (PSA). Até hoje, não há consenso sobre a possível associação entre IGFBP-3 e risco de câncer de próstata. Apesar de não estar estabelecido, altos níveis de insulina parecem particularmente associados ao risco de tumores prostáticos agressivos. Esta revisão descreveu base fisiopatológica, evidências epidemiológicas e modelos animais que apoiam a associação da família das IGFs e insulina com câncer de próstata. Também foram descritas terapias potenciais que têm como alvo esses fatores de crescimento, os quais, no futuro, poderão ser usados para tratar pacientes com câncer de próstata.


Subject(s)
Adult , Animals , Humans , Male , /physiology , Insulin-Like Growth Factor I/physiology , Prostatic Neoplasms/etiology , Models, Animal , Prostatic Neoplasms/epidemiology
10.
Rev. Col. Bras. Cir ; 35(1): 51-55, jan.-fev. 2008. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-479274

ABSTRACT

Os autores relatam pela primeira vez utilização de uma nova partícula para embolização, constituída de um núcleo de acetato de polivinil revestido por polivinil-álcool, de forma esférica (Spherus®-First Line Brasil), como preparo pré-operatório em três pacientes portadores de neoplasia renal, na intenção de diminuir o tamanho do tumor e prevenir complicações hemorrágicas durante o ato operatório. Estas novas partículas foram projetadas e elaboradas nos laboratórios da COPPE/UFRJ. A embolização intra-arterial pré-operatória com estas novas partículas ocasionou acentuada isquemia em todo o tecido tumoral facilitando o procedimento cirúrgico.


The authors report a brand new component for embolization composed by a polivinil acetate core and a polivinil-alcohol coat in a microspherical form ( Spherus®-First Line Brasil) used as preoperative management in three patients with renal tumors in an attempt to reduce the size of the tumors and to avoid hemorrhagic complications during the operations. This new component was developed in COPPE/UFRJ laboratories. The preoperative arterial embolization with this new component caused strong ischemia in the tumor tissue , facilitating the operative procedure.

12.
Arch. latinoam. nutr ; Arch. latinoam. nutr;48(4): 311-5, dic. 1998. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-228238

ABSTRACT

Este trabalho foi desenvolvido com o objetivo de obter um produto protéico e avaliar o seu valor biológico visando o consumo humano e/ou animal. Para isso foram utilizadas folhas de mandioca como matéria prima protéica nao convencional. Produziu-se um isolado protéico dessas folhas liofilizado, desengordurado e despigmentado (IPFM). Esse foi misturado à caseína para hidrólise e ressíntese enzimática das proteínas. (Reaçao de plasteína) e, assim, foram obtidos os produtos plasteínas precipitada (PP) e sobrenadante (PS). Os teores protéicos determinados foram de 64,39 por cento na PS, 61,36 por cento na PP e 51,97 por cento no IPFM. Os resultados das determinaçoes da atividade do inibidor de tripsina revelaram um decréscimo de 41 por cento da atividade do inibidor na PP, sugerindo que o tratamento térmico empregado para a inativaçao da enzima pode ser suficiente para a inativaçao parcial do inibidor, ou ainda, sugerindo que a diluiçao com a caseína diminui o inibidor. Foi avaliada a composiçao aminoacídica dos produtos, mostrando resultados satisfatórios de acordo com os padroes estabelecidos. Os resultados obtidos neste trabalho permitiram as seguintes conclusoes: -A utilizaçao de fontes nao convencionais deve ser estimulada, principalmente, quando as proteínas destas fontes nao convencionais apresentam-se com um perfil aminoacídico que pode ser utilizado para a complementaçao do teor de aminoícidos, em alimentos com deficiência em aminoácidos essenciais; -Os produtos protéicos obtidos pela reaçao da plasteína apresentaram teores satisfatórios de proteína; perfis aminoacídicos compatíveis com as recomendaçoes FAO/OMS/UNU (1985), havendo complementaçao dos aminoácidos entre as duas fontes utilizadas; - A reaçao de plasteína pode ainda ser utilizada no processamento de alimentos, caso o processo seja adaptado e controlado em escala industrial. Uma destas utilizaçoes seria, a eliminaçao de componentes responsáveis pelo sabor amargo e odor estranho de determinados produtos. Uma outra utilizaçao, seria na descoloraçao de produtos á base de proteína.


Subject(s)
Caseins , Chelating Agents , Manihot , Nutritive Value , Plant Leaves , Protein Hydrolysates , Plant Proteins, Dietary , Amino Acids/analysis
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