ABSTRACT
Leaves of Echinodorus macrophyllus (Kunth) Micheli, Alismataceae, were exposed to different doses of γ-radiation (0.00, 1.00, 3.00, 5.00, 10.00, and 20.00 kGy) and the chemical composition of their essential oils was investigated. The extractive process of the essential oil was more favored when the leaves were irradiated. The essential oil components were identified by correlation between GC-FID data and retention parameters obtained from the Kováts method. Moreover, GC-MS analyses of the essential oils were correlated with fragmentation profiles in the NIST standard mass fragmentation data bank. The essential oil of E. macrophyllus contains biologically active constituents of different chemical classes. Acyclic monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes showed increase in concentration when the leaves were exposed to γ-radiation. On the other hand, the component concentrations of some chemical classes were lightly decreased, i.e., for bicyclic monoterpenes, diterpenes, triterpenes, carboxylic esters, and carotenoid derivatives.
ABSTRACT
The great variety of angiosperms shows the need to development of botanical classification systems supported by phytochemistry, biochemistry and others. Recently, techniques of analysis used for the isolation and characterization of secondary metabolites have been employed as auxiliary quick and efficient methods for the identification and classification of plant species. M. salicifolia is popularly known in Brazil, as "small coffee" and decoct obtained from its fresh leaves is topically used to alleviate itches and other skins allergic symptoms. This work presents the use of TLC and UV/Vis spectrophotomety processes to be applied like an auxiliary method in botanical taxonomy. The results demonstrate that this process can be used in differentiation of the same genera species, and in the selection of chemical variations between individuals of the same species.
A grande variedade de angiospermas apontou a necessidade do desenvolvimento de sistemas de classificação botânica apoiada pela fitoquímica, bioquímica e outras. Recentemente, técnicas de análise utilizadas para o isolamento e caracterização de metabólitos secundários vêm sendo empregadas como métodos auxiliares rápidos e eficientes para identificação e classificação de espécies vegetais. M. salicifolia é popularmente conhecida no Brasil, como "cafezinho". O chá obtido a partir de folhas frescas é usado topicamente para aliviar pruridos e sintomas alergiformes. Este trabalho apresenta a utilização do CCD em sílica gel e espectrofotometria no UV / Vis como métodos auxiliares na identificação botânica de M. salicifolia. Os resultados demonstraram que este processo pode ser usado na diferenciação de plantas do mesmo gênero, assim como detectar variações químicas entre indivíduos de uma mesma espécie.
ABSTRACT
Austroplenckia populnea (Mangabarana) is popularly used by people from Minas Gerais, Brazil for dysenteries diseases treatment. Antitumor and antiulcer activities were also attributed to this plant. Extracts obtained using solvents of different polarities and pentacyclic triterpenes (PCTTs) isolated from these extracts through phytochemical methods were submitted to antibacterial assays. The results showed the existence of this activity and open perspectives for news studies with other organic compounds isolated from this plant.
Austroplenckia populnea (Mangabarana) é popularmente utilizada em Minas Gerais, Brasil, para o tratamento de disenterias. A ela também são atribuídas propriedades antitumoral e antiúlcera. Extratos de partes desta planta obtidos com solventes de diferentes polaridades e triterpenos pentacíclicos (TTPCs) isolados destes, por métodos fitoquímicos foram submetidos a testes de atividade antibacteriana. Os resultados mostraram a existência desta atividade e abriram perspectivas para a continuidade dos estudos com outros compostos orgânicos isolados desta planta.