Gender Wise HIV Disease Awareness among Primary School Teachers in Islamabad

To assess the level of awareness and methods of primary prevention about HIV/AIDS among primary school teachers. A descriptive cross-sectional study of 60 male and female teachers, between 25-40 years of age, teaching for at least three years in public and private schools situated in suburb of Islamabad, was conducted using a structured questionnaire. A stratified random sampling design was used to collect data. Analysis was done on SPSS version 17. The study was conducted at Golra Station suburb in Islamabad from October 2012 to December 2012. 77 percent respondents have heard about the AIDs, 40 percent believe that they should not quit good relations with the AIDs Patient, 88 percent believe it is our moral obligation to help the aids victims, 50 percent believe AIDS is a major issue, and same strength responded that it is not their problem. Most of the respondents believe that AIDS is a preventable disease. Majority of the respondents are of the opinion that Government is not solely responsible to control AIDS, all the stake holders must participate in the control of AIDS. It is inspirational to know that majority has knowledge relating to HIV/AIDS. The study emphasizes the need to educate the teaching community about the prevention methods and to endow them with the crucial information and skills to facilitate them to inculcate knowledge to the younger generation at a younger age group as this can challenge the moral and ethical issue relating with the sexual spread of AIDS. However, taboos of public discussions of sexual illness remain a key limitation towards preventive activities

Frequency of congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction

To determine the frequency of congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction in children having congenital malformations of the eyes coming to the tertiary care eye hospital. Descriptive study done at Al Shifa eye hospital Rawalpindi from January 2004 to December 2007. Retrospective case record analysis of all children coming to the hospital with congenital malformation of nasolacrimal duct along with other congenital malformations of the eyes were included in the study. Children with no congenital anomalies of the eyes but having nasolacrimal duct obstruction were excluded. Congenital malformations of eyes were seen in 514 cases [289 males and 225 females]. The age distribution was from birth to 15 years, with majority seen between 0-2 years. Out of 514 cases, 103 had congenital abnormalities of lacrimal apparatus with 20% having nasolacrimal duct obstruction. Persistent tears were the major presenting feature. Nasolacrimal duct obstruction was the commonest congenital malformations of the eyes which can be easily corrected

Perforated peptic ulcer a review of 36 cases

To evaluate the epidemiology of peptic ulcer perforation in Armed Forces and further management / outcome of the patients. Data of 36 patients with perforated peptic ulcer collected. This data was analyzed on SPSS 13. CMH Rawalpindi from Jan 1979 to July 1981, Jan 1985 to Dec 1987 and Jan 2001 to Dec 2003. Out of 36 patients 35 were male and only one was female. Twenty four [67%] were between 31-50 years. No past history was taken from eight [22%] patients. Thirty four [94%] patients presented with duodenal perforation. Twenty patients [55%] had rigidity all over abdomen and peristalsis were present in ten [28%] patients who reported within twelve hours. Seventy eight [78%] were diagnosed by history and simple radiological examination. All the patients were treated by laparotomy [simple closure with omental patch]. Post operative complications occur in ten [28%] patients and mortality rate was 8%. Predominantly the peptic ulcer perforation occurs between 30-50 years of age. The incidence reduces with succeeding years of study. Post operative complications were less in younger age group .Early diagnosis can be made easily by taking good history and performing simple radiological examination