ABSTRACT
Background:A large proportion of fixed dose combinations (FDCs) are manufactured and used widely in Nepal. This study aimed to evaluate the FDCs and its utilization in medicine department of tertiary care hospital. Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted for 50 days among admitted patients in the medicine department of tertiary care hospital, Nepal. A predesigned form was used to collect the data at the time of patient discharge. Only the oral FDCs were selected for study.Microsoft Excel 2007 was used for statistical analysis and data were presented as number and percentage in tabulated and figure forms.Results:Oral FDCs were used in 27.08% of admitted patients. A total of 295 FDCs were prescribed in 208 patients with 44 FDC items in 58 different brand names. Categorically, the most commonly used FDCs were of analgesics (34.24%) followed by antibiotics (25.76%) and vitamin supplements (22.71%). The 27.27% of FDCs prescribed contain more than two active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) up to nine and the highest number of APIs were found in vitamin supplements. All FDCs were prescribed in the brand names. The very few 2.27% and 4.55% of FDCs were prescribed from the essential medicine list of Nepal and world health organization, respectively.Conclusions:The use of FDCs listed in essential medicine list was very poor. Similarly, generic prescribing was also zero. The regulatory body must study the rationality of FDC before production, marketing, importing, and utilization in hospital.
ABSTRACT
Background: Medical Council of India, New Delhilaunched a National Faculty Development Program(NFDP) across India in 2009. NFDP was neverevaluated in the context of its operational utility,efficiency and effectivity. Aim and Objectives: Presentstudy was undertaken to evaluate the NFDPat one of theMedical Council of India (MCI) Nodal Centre foridentifying the gap with regards to its impact,operational utility and effectivity as envisioned by theregulatory body and to invocate interventionaloperations arising thereof and to calibrate it and tocreate evidences for the same. Material and Methods:The study has been carried out at Jawaharlal NehruMedical College (JNMC), Sawangi (Meghe), Wardha, aNodal Centre recognized by MCI New Delhi for theNFDP. A validated questionnaire was sent to 667stparticipants of the NFDP at JNMC from 1 July 2009 tost31 July 2017 and responses were obtained aboutgenerating evidences in education technology, transferof knowledge at the workplace and contribution in theinstitutional growth. The impact analysis was studied interms of individualization, internalization andinstitutionalization of the participants. Results: 220(52%) of the participants confirmed their involvementin educational research activities in the form of eitheradvance course or a conference or an educationalresearch project. 250 (59%) of the participants couldtransfer their learning to the workplace and broughtchanges in the teaching learning Practices and 28.3% inassessment methods. 255 - 338 (60.32% to 79.90%)participants opined positive impact of NFDP onpersonal/ professional/ Institutional growth.Conclusions: In terms of the observations and findingsthereto, it was proposed that certain modifications(structural, operational and conceptual) are warranted inthe said program. Operational utility of the NFDP isdiscussed under two headings. Its link with CompetencyBased Medical Education and its relation toAccreditation Status of Medical schools in India.
ABSTRACT
Avian flu also known as bird flu is caused by deadly virus H5N1 which initially was found in birds and wild animals, however, later it was found in human beings causing severe respiratory related problems. This review article was performed to understand the epidemiology of outbreaks of H5N1 in different districts of Nepal. First outbreak of strain H5N1 was reported in 2009. Consequently, highest number of outbreaks i.e. 201 was noted in the year 2013. Till date only one human case was identified by NPHL which was later confirmed by genetic laboratory in Japan in collaborating with WHO.
ABSTRACT
Measles is an infection of the respiratory system caused by a virus, especially a Paramyxovirus of the genus Morbillivirus, a single stranded negative sense RNA virus. Infants younger than 12 months, school-aged children or young adults depending upon local immunization practice are highly susceptible for the disease.