Correlation of anxiety-depression and sleep quality in mothers of children with cystic fibrosis and asthma

Cystic fibrosis and asthma are considered among the chronic respiratory diseases. Taking care of the sick child by the mother-which is usually the main care taker- can be associated with high loads of stress and result in behavioral problems like anxiety, depression and change in sleep quality. This study aimed at evaluating the correlation between depression anxiety and sleep quality in mothers of children suffering from cystic fibrosis and asthma hospitalized in Masih Daneshvari Hospital. This was an analytical descriptive cross-sectional study conducted on 148 subjects [mothers of children with cystic fibrosis and asthma hospitalized in Masih Daneshvari Hospital] during 2008-2010. Data were collected using a questionnaire for demographic characteristics, sleep quality and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale [HADS]. Pittsburgh sleep quality index questionnaire [PQSI] was developed by Dr. Buysse and colleagues at the University of Pittsburgh's Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic in the late 1980s. The PSQI was created after observing that most patients with psychiatric disorders had sleep disorders as well. Also, required data regarding the pulmonary function of patients was extracted from their medical records. In this study, high levels of anxiety and depression and poor sleep quality requiring clinical intervention were seen in 37.2%, 29.1% and 39% of mothers, respectively. A significant association was detected between sleep quality and depression-anxiety [P-value<0.005]. Also, depression-anxiety was significantly correlated with number of children and smoking [P-value<0.005]. A total of 20% of mothers suffering from depression and 14.3% of mothers with anxiety disorder had a history of cigarette smoking [P-value<0.005]. No significant association was found between substance abuse and occupation with depression-anxiety. Susceptibility was only correlated with anxiety [P-value<0.005]. Our study showed a significant association between sleep quality and depression-anxiety in mothers of children suffering from cystic fibrosis and asthma. Greater attention should be paid to prevent development and aggravation of these conditions in susceptible mothers who are the main care taker of their sick child with chronic diseases

Pattern of smoking and nicotine dependence in patients with psychiatric disorders

Smoking prevalence is high among psychiatric patients. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of smoking, related factors and nicotine dependence in patients suffering from psychiatric disorders. This analytical descriptive study was performed on patients who had been hospitalized for at least 2 days in Razi Hospital during 2010. Data were collected via an interview and the obtained information was recorded in a questionnaire. Fagerstrom test was also used. After determining the prevalence of smoking in these patients, the related factors and nicotine dependence were also evaluated using multiple logistic regression test and SPSS software. A total of 78.4% of men and 36.2% of women in this study were smokers and 64.4% had high nicotine dependence. Final logistic regression models showed that smoking was related with advanced age, male sexuality, hookah consumption, and depression. High nicotine dependence was correlated with hookah consumption and history of suicide attempt. Prevalence of smoking is higher among psychiatric patients compared to the public. Adequate intervention and strategies are necessary in these patients to promote smoking cessation

Pattern of tobacco consumption among TB patients in a tuberculosis referral center

Tuberculosis [TB] is among the major causes of illness and death worldwide, especially in Asia and Africa. On the other hand, tobacco use is the most important preventable and the second biggest cause of death throughout the world. Smoking is associated with recurrent tuberculosis and its related mortality. Also, it could affect clinical manifestations, bacteriological conversion and outcome of treatment. This study aimed to evaluate the pattern of tobacco smoking, history of previous quit attempts, and attitude towards quitting in tuberculosis patients. It was a cross-sectional study done amongst pulmonary TB patients presented to Masih Daneshvari Hospital. Two hundred patients entered the study as [First Come First Serve]. Self-reported questionnaires were designed according to the standard questionnaires of smoking pattern. A total of 93.5% were males. The mean age was 39.8 +/- 1.73 yrs. Thirty-four percent of them were current smokers at the time of interview, 7.5% were occasional smokers and 28% of smoker patients had a history of at least one quit attempt. Considering the prevalence of smoking in TB patients, evaluation of tobacco smoking status in such patients and motivating them to quit smoking could be considered as important steps in their treatment process