ABSTRACT
Background and study aims: The complex series of deleterious events among diabetes patients leads to multiple organ failure. Therefore, a holistic approach of treatment is urgently required to prevent worsening of complications. The present investigation was carried out to study the possible protective effects of Roselle or Hibiscus sabdariffa Linn [HSL] calyxes aqueous extract, as an antidiabetic and antioxidant agent against oxidative liver injury in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats
Material and methods: A single dose of streptozotocin [45 mg/kg body weight, iv] was used to induced diabetes in male Sprague Dawley rats which were then divided into two groups: Diabetic control [DC] and HSL-treated diabetic [DR] group. Normal rats were divided into normal control [NC], HSL-treated control [NR]. Aqueous calyxes extract of HSL [100 mg/kg/day, orally] was given for 28 consecutive days in the treated group. Weight, biochemical and histopathological [light and electron microscopic] parameters were compared in all groups
Results: Supplementation of HSL significantly lowered the level of fasting blood glucose and increased plasma insulin level in DR group compared to DC group [p < 0.05]. Alanine aminotransaminases and aspartate aminotransferase enzymes level were found to be significantly reduced in DR compared to DC. Microscopic examination demonstrated destruction of the liver architecture, cytoplasmic vacuolation of the hepatocytes and signs of necrosis in diabetic rats. Moreover, dilatation and congestion of blood vessels with leucocytes adherence were detected. Ultrastructural study using electron microscope showed homogeneous substance accumulation in nuclear chromatin, a decrease of organelles and mitochondrial degeneration in the diabetic rats
Conclusion: Administration of HSL in diabetic rats causes significant decrease in hepatocyte destruction and prevented the changes associated with the diabetic condition. Thus, our findings provide a scientific rationale for the use of HSL as promising agent in preventing liver injury in diabetes
ABSTRACT
Transurethral resection [TUR] syndrome is a well known complication that occurs during or after transurethral resection of the prostate from the absorption of irrigating fluids. In an attempt to prevent this mishaps, 60 patients subjected to transurethral resection of the prostate were studied. They were divided into two groups: The first group [30 patients] received intravenous isotonic saline [0.9%] and the second group [30 patients] received intravenous hypertonic saline [3%]. The incidence of nausea, vomiting and mental confusion were significantly less in hypertonic saline group than isotonic group. Also, the serum Na and osmolality were significantly lower in isotonic than hypertonic group. Serum Na decreased from 142 +/- 6.2 mEq/l to 125.8 +/- 6.1 mEq/l in group I and from 138.2 +/- 5.8 mEq/l to 129.1 +/- 6.3 mEq/l in group II after three hours. The serum osmolality decreased from 298.2 +/- 12.5 mOsm/kg to 274.2 +/- 13.1 mOsm/kg in group I and from 302.1 +/- 9.5 mOsm/kg to 279.3 +/- 9.9 mOsm/kg in group II. These results confirmed that hypertonic saline infusion minimizes the incidence of clinically manifested TUR syndrome as it titrates with the biochemical changes that occur with this syndrome. The use of hypertonic saline infusion encouraged resection of bigger prostates especially when using distilled water as an irrigating fluid
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Prostatectomy/adverse effects , Regression Analysis , Hemodynamics , SyndromeABSTRACT
This study compared hemodynamic and neuromuscular properties of pancuronium, doxacurium and pipecuronium during induction of anesthesia in 45 patients undergoing open valvular heart surgery. Anesthesia was induced with fentanyl 10 mg.kg-1 and thiopentone 23 mg.kg-1. Each patient received twice the ED95 of either pancuronium [0.15 mg.kg-1, n=15] or doxacurium [0.05 mg.kg-1, n=15] or pipecuronium [0.1 mg.kg-1 n=15]. Hemodynamic measurements were recorded before induction of anesthesia, before intubation, immediately after intubation and five minutes post-intubation. Pancuronium significantly increased heart rate and mean arterial blood pressure, but this decrease was not statistically significant and heart rate was nearly stable. On the other hand, there was minimal change in heart rate and mean arterial blood pressure with pipecuronium. Other hemodynamic parameters did not change. The time from muscle relaxant administration to 95% suppression of the first twitch of train of 4 stimuli was significantly longer for doxacurium than that for pancuronium and pipecuronium. Therefore, pipecuronium seems to be more satisfactory neuromuscular blocker than either pancuronium or doxacurium for induction of anesthesia for open heart surgery