Renoprotective effects of thymoquinone, a compound derived from nigella sativa oil, on gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats

Gentamicin [GM] is an aminoglycoside antibiotic that is widely used in the treatment of severe infections caused by gram-negative bacteria. Unfortunately, the optimal clinical benefits of GM are limited by its serious nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity. Thus, the presnt study was aimed to investigate the influence of thymoquinone [TQ], a compound isolated from Nigella sativa oil with predominant antioxidant property, on GM-induced nephrotoxicity in rats. Four groups of animals were used and treated for 10 consecutive days as follow: Group 1 [n=6]; served as normal controls, Group 2 [n=6]; received TQ [5 mg/kg/day; orally], Group 3 [n=10], i.p. injected with GM [80 mg/kg/day], and Group 4 [n=10]; concurrently received GM + TQ [by the same aforementioned individual dosage regimen]. The animals were sacrificed at day +11 and the following parameters were evaluated: [i] the levels of serum creatinine [Cr] and blood urea nitrogen [BUN] as biomarkers of renal function, [ii] the renal content of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances [TBARS] as an index of lipid perioxidation and oxidative stress, [iii] total glutathione [GSH] content and glutathione S-transferase [GST] activity in renal tissues as indices of antioxidant mechanisms, and [iv] the histopathological hallmarks of kidney specimens. The biochemical results showed that GM administration induced nephrotoxicity associated with abundant increases in the levels of serum Cr, BUN, and renal TBARS and remarkable depletions in the renal GSH and GST. The histopathological findings supported the presence of seriously injured kidney. However, concomitant administration of TQ efficiently reduced the development of GM nephrotoxicity and its associated biochemical and histopathological features. In conclusion; these data prove that TQ mediates; via, at least in part, its antioxidant property, a marked renoprotective effect against GM-induced nephrotoxicity in rats

Role of statin in decreasing levelof hs crp short term clinicaloutcome in patients withunstable angina and nstemi

Background: Inflammation is a major contribution to pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. CRP considered a marker of inflammation, it has been found that increase CRP associated with increased cardiovascular risk,statin which have been shown to exert a variety of beneficial effects more than its anti-inflammatory effect, its role ,relation with CRP and impaction on cardiovascular system is unclear

Aim: To assess role of statin in decreasing CRP with short term clinical outcome in unstable angina and NSTEMI

Subject and methods: This study included 40 patients referred to the CCU with unstable angina and NSTAMI there were divided into [group I]20 patients received standard therapy + 40mg atorvastatin, [group II] 20patients received standard therapy + 10mg atorvastatin .all patients subjected to: - Full history taking and clinical follow up to 3 months. -ECG - Lab. Evaluation of : S.creatinine - Cardiac enzyme- pp sugar- HS CRP : on admition and after 3 month - Echocardiograms to asses EF, WMSI - coronary angio.to assess, number and severity of lesions done at one month

Results: there was no significant difference as regards age, sex, lipidprofile between the two groups on admition also in coronary angio done at one month. As regarding hs CRP there was significant difference when comparing between admition and 3 month in each group but no significant when comparing between two groups. There was significant in-crease as regards complications in group II. There was significant difference as regarding chol. LDL In group I when comparing with group II. Also in the echo parameters [Ef, WMSI] showed significant improvement in group I than group II after 3 month. Finally there was correlation between HSCRP in all patients and Left main artery disease

Conclusion: In patients with unstable angina and NSTEMI, high dosestatin had better lipid profile, clinical outcome [less complication-better Efand WMSI] and both high dose and low dose statin showed significantlowering of hs-CRP after 3 months, and they had the same anti inflamma-tory effect, only there was a correlation between HS-CRP in all patientsand lesion in left main coronary artery