Psychometric examination of an Arabic version of the state-trait anger expression inventory

Objectives: this study aimed to examine the psychometric properties of an Arabic version of the trait anger and anger expression scales of the State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory [STAXI]

Methods: this study took place between April 2005 and August 2014. Adults in Yemen [n = 334] and Tunisia [n = 200] were recruited from university campuses and a smoking cessation clinic, respectively. The STAXI was translated into Arabic using backtranslation methods. An explanatory principal component analysis was conducted to explore the factor structure of the anger expression scale, utilising parallel analyses to determine the number of retained factors

Results: good internal consistency of the trait anger scale was observed among the Yemeni [Cronbach's alpha = 0.76] and Tunisian [Cronbach's alpha = 0.86] samples. The parallel analysis suggested a three-factor solution for the anger expression scale [anger in, anger out and anger control], in accordance with the original STAXI. The internal consistency of anger in, anger out and anger control factors ranged between 0.51-0.79 in the Yemeni sample and 0.66-0.81 in the Tunisian sample. Overall, items loaded on the anger control factor included all items proposed by the original authors and this factor had higher reliability than the other two factors in both samples

Conclusion: the results of the current study provide initial support for the use of the trait anger and anger expression scales of the STAXI in Arabic-speaking countries

[ breast clinical examination. An experience in general medicine]

A Tunisian woman from 27 will be affected by breast cancer between 0 and 74 years of her life. Evolution of this cancer is relatively short. Its mortality is 10% when not detected. The regular practice of clinical breast examination is one of the tools of awareness and adherence to screening women for breast cancer. To describe the results and the obstacles to the realization of the early diagnosis of the breast cancer for the clinical examination by the general practitioner. A forward-looking study realized over 9 months which concerned 105 women of more than 24 years old, consulting for the other motive, in a basic health center. The appropriate statistical tests had been used at the risk of 5 %. The rate of participation was 12 %. The age mean was 46.4 +/- 10 years old. An abnormal clinical examination, was identified at 36.2% of the women. The multi parity decreases the risk of developing a breast clinical abnormality, with OR= 0.14 [IC 95 % [0.035-0.580]] while histories favoring the breast cancer increase this risk with an OR=2.79; [IC 95 % [1.09-7.13]]. The general practice had asked for a radiological examination for 67.5 % of the women. His request was influenced by the result of the clinical examination [OR= 20.42 [IC 95 % [7.01-59.49]]]. Four cases of malignant tumors had been diagnosed. We recommend giving the general practitioners responsibilities for the women gynecological health and for the coordination between the different actors, via a weekly day of prevention

[Hospital morbidity in an urban district in Tunisia]

In the health region of Monastir, Tunisia, there is a register of admissions to all public hospitals. Those relating to patients resident in Ksar Hellal District during the year 1995 were identified [N = 1983 admissions to hospital]. This made it possible to establish the population-based pattern of hospital morbidities. The annual hospitalization rate is 6.1%; the rate for patients aged ' 65 years is estimated at 13.1%. Chronic diseases are responsible for 31.5% of admissions to hospital and are predominantly diabetes and asthma. The morbidity pattern reflects a phenomenon of epidemiological transition and calls for the strengthening of ambulatory care and development of specific services likely to reduce the need for hospitalization