Eye examination in infancy and childhood: a genetic background

Examination of the eye should be a routine part of the periodic pediatric assessment, beginning in the neonatal period. Besides its role in the early prediction of systemic developmental disorders, screening in schools and community programs can be also effective in detecting the visual problems early. Preliminary examination can be performed by the pediatrician, if a significant ocular abnormality or vision defect is noted, the referral to an ophthalmologist becomes necessary. Every part of the eye must be inspected. A slit lamp examination as well as fundoscopy may be required to visualize anterior and posterior chamber structures