ABSTRACT
Radiography of the chest remains one of the most commonly performed examinations, but still there is a considerable number of repeated examination due to poor quality, this arises from many factors; the exposure factors selection are the crucial one. The selection of these factors mostly depends on the experience of the technologist and sometimes on the theoretical basis which might not gives satisfactory results. This study was done to evaluate the factor that affects the exposure factor selection and hence to develop an empirical system that gives the optimum exposure factors and tests the accuracy and the reliability of the developed system. The study consists of 64 patients examined for PA chest X-ray selected randomly. The collected data includes: chest thickness, body mass index, age, height in addition to KV and MAs. The results showed that the body mass index and the patient weight were linearly correlated with the Kv and MAs respectively
ABSTRACT
The determination of the lumbosacral angle is one parameter that is of importance in evaluating the possible etiology of low back pain syndromes, therefore the purpose of this study is to define the normal range of intervertebral disc angulation at L5 and S1 and, to evaluate the tube angle used in practice to demonstrate the disk space in the anteroposterior projection. Two hundred and twenty lateral scout CT scans were examined in patients who were 110 male and 110 female, with an average age ranged between 30 to 90 years old. The intervertebral angles for L5 and S1 were measured using CT soft ware. A set of coefficient was used in an arrangement to formulate the necessary x-ray angle for males and female of a known age and intervertebral L/S angle. The results of this study found that the range of normal inter vertebral lumbosacral angulations is approximately 60 [degree sign] and 53 [degree sign] in male and female in respectively, and at antero-posterior projection, 30[degree sign] cranial tube angulations for males and 37[degree sign] cranial angulations for females should be used for inter vertebral lumbosacral visualization
ABSTRACT
Magnetic resonance imaging [MRI] is used to produce detailed sectional images, and considered a safe tool compared to the x-ray based medical diagnostic techniques, as general radiography, and computed tomography [CT],because MRl does not employ ionizing radiation but uses radiofrequency [RF] fields. The main objective of this study was to determine the effects of MRI examinations on the main vital signs [blood pressure, body temperature, cardiac pulse rate and respiratory rate]. A sample of fifty patients with ages between [18-68] years old underwent MRI studies for different anatomical regions. The vital signs have been measured before and after the MRI examination. The results showed that there was significant increase in body temperature and no significant relationship was detected in pulse rate, blood pressure and respiratory rate