Assessment of the waste stabilization pond performance, New Borg EL-Arab City

New Borg Al-Arab city includes 9 residential areas and 4 industrial Zones. The four industrial zones are Occupied by 266 running factories belonging to different industrial sectors. All the domestic sewage as well as the industrial wastewater is treated at an oxidation pond treatment plant and the plant effluent is used in irrigation of silviculture areas. The plant consists of 2 pond complexes Each complex comprises 9 facultative ponds, arranged in 3 parallel series. Raw wastewater is pre-treated through screens and grit removal before entering the primary ponds. The study aims at assessment of the performance of the waste Stabilization ponds. The results revealed that pre-treatment units were not functioning properly. The retention time was calculated to be 6 days in each pond of the first complex and 3 days in each pond of the second complex. The mean BOD surface loading rate was calculated to be 676 kg/ha/d for the first complex and 1584 kg/ha/d for the second. The plant was hydraulically and organically Overloaded The percentage removal of BOD, COD, SS, and NH3-N had an annual mean of 57%, 56%, 44%, and 39%, respectively for the first complex and 21%, 42%, 39%, and 25%, respectively for the second. Faecal coliforms were reduced by about 1 log10 unit in both complexes. The final pond effluent was not complying with the Egyptian law for reuse in irrigation The study proposed some recommendations which can improve the efficiency of the plant as well as the effluent quality

Treatability of metal finishing wastewater in Alexandria

This work aimed to study the characteristics and treatability of wastes representing the different types of metal finishing in Alexandria. Ten samples from each of the studied three metal finishing types were collected over one year. The samples were subjected to complete physical and chemical analysis. Two treatment approaches were applied [precipitation and adsorption]. The results of analysis indicated that the wastewater effluent violated the decree 44/2000. PH, conductivity, dissolved solids, total phosphate and some heavy metals were examples of the parameters violated the decree limits. The results of the precipitation treatment using different doses of lime indicated that with increasing pH, the reduction of all the measured parameters increased. PH of 9.5 [8.5 in case of anodizing waste] gave the best reduction of all the measured parameters and became complied with the decree limits. The results of activated carbon adsorption treatment in pH range 4.5-7.5 indicated that adsorption efficiency increased with pH increase. PH of 7.5 showed the best reduction of all the measured parameters and were complied with the decree limits

Water treatment plants assessment at Talkha power plant

Talkha power plant is the only power plant located in El-Mansoura. It generates electricity using two different methods by steam turbine and gas turbine. Both plants drew water from River Nile [208 m3/h]. The Nile raw water passes through different treatment processes to be suitable for drinking and operational uses. At Talkha power plant, there are two purification plants used for drinking water supply [100 m3/h] and for water demineralization supply [108 M3/h]. This study aimed at studying the efficiency of the water purification plants. For drinking water purification plant, the annual River Nile water characterized by slightly alkaline pH [7.4-8], high annual mean values of turbidity [10.06 NTU], standard plate count [SPC] [313.3 CFU/1 ml], total coliform [2717/100 ml], fecal coliform [0-2400/100 ml] and total algae [3 x 104 org/l]. The dominant group of algae all over the study period was green algae. The blue green algae was abundant in summer and autumn seasons. The pH range and the annual mean values of turbidity, TDS, total hardness, sulfates, chlorides, nitrates, nitrites, fluoride and residual chlorine for purified water were in compliance with Egyptian dinking water standards. All the SPC recorded values with an annual mean value of 10.13 CFU/1ml indicated that chlorine dose and contact time were not enough to kill the bacteria. However, they were in compliance with Egyptian degree [should not exceed 50 CFU/1ml]. Although the removal efficiency of the plant for total coliform and blue green algae was nigh [98.5% and 99.2, respectively], the limits of the obtained results with an annual mean values of 40/100ml and 15.6 org/l were not in compliance with the Egyptian degree [should be free from total coliform, fecal coliform and blue green algae]. For water demineralization treatment plant, the raw water was characterized by slightly alkaline pH. The annual mean values of conductivity, turbidity and TDS were 354.6 muS/cm, 10.84 NTU and 214.6 mg/l, respectively. There was an increase in the results of conductivity, turbidity, total hardness and TDS in carbon filter effluent which was attributed to the desorption of adsorbed ions on the carbon media. The removal efficiencies of turbidity, total hardness and TDS indicated the high efficiency of the cationic filter. The annual removal efficiencies of conductivity, turbidity, chloride and TDS proved the efficiency of the anionic filter for removing the dissolved and suspended ions. All of the recorded values of the pH, conductivity, turbidity, chlorides, hardness and TDS of the mixed bed effluent indicated that the water at this stage was of high quality for boiler feed. The study recommended adjustment of coagulant and residual chlorine doses as well as contact time and continuous monitoring and maintenance of the different units

Quality monitoring of composting processes of wastewater sludge in Alexandria

This study aimed to monitor and evaluate the composting process of demitted sludge produced from Alexandria wastewater treatment plants. Ten batches of sludge were composted. During the composting process, the batches were investigated and followed up to three months. Representative samples [ten for each batch] were taken from these batches at the start of windrowing, after each turning [4-15 days] and were analyzed for physical, chemical, bacteriological and parasitological characteristics, heavy metals and plant nutrients. The results revealed that C/N ratio of the final compost product comply with the decree of the Minister of Agriculture No. 100/1967; while moisture, C% and TKN did not. Heavy metals, faecal coliforms and helminthes complied with the decree No. 222/2002 for the Minister of Housing, Utilities and Urban Communities. Moisture had positive correlation with both C and VS and negative correlation with pH. Temperature had negative correlation with TKN. Both total and faecal coliforms had negative correlation with temperature and positive correlation with C, N and VS. It was recommended to optimize the quality of the produced sludge compost by using bulking agent rich in carbon and nitrogen as hay or rice straw instead of the matured sludge compost