Candida albicans infection in the urinary tract in diabetic patients

This work was carried out on 80 diabetic patients and 75 non-diabetic controls complaining of dysuria and/or frequency of micturation for detecting Candida albicans and concomitant aerobic bacteria in clean catch urine samples. Candida albicans was isolated from 20% of diabetic patients with a higher incidence in females than males, compared with 14.7% in non-diabetic controls. The most observed difference was the higher incidence of candiduria in uncontrolled diabetic patients with a high blood glucose levels 25% compared with a 15% in controlled diabetic patients. E. coli was the most predominant aerobic bacteria isolated from both groups. Concomitant isolated of aerobic bacteria and Candida albicans was detected in 12.5% of diabetic patients compared with a 13.3% in non-diabetic controls. Candida albicans was isolated as a sole pathogen of the urinary tract from 7.5% cent of diabetic patients, while it was only isolated from 1.3% of non-diabetic controls

Anaerobes in men with uretheritis

This study was carried out on 45 men, 25 patients diagnosed as non- gonococcal urethritis [NGU] and 20 as gonococcal urethritis [GU] compared with 20 control individuals, to detect anaerobic bacteria isolated from their urethral swabs. Anaerobic bacteria was isolated from 68% of cases of NGU, with total of 19 isolates, compared with 45% in GU and 50% in controls. Eubacterium spp. was the commonest [28%] organism isolated from NGU, compared with only 5% isolation in GU and controls. Bacteroides spp. was the next frequent isolated anaerobes, 16% from NGU, 15% from GU and only 5% from controls. CL. Difficile was isolated only from cases of NGU and two cases of NGU showed combined isolation of two anaerobic organisms, Eubacterium spp. And Bacteroides spp. In one patient and Eubacterium spp. And Propino- bacterium spp. in the other one. Anaerobic bacteria couldn't isolated from about half of cases of GU controls, but only from 32% of cases of NGU. Further study should be done to evaluate the significance of the high incidence of isolation of both Eubacterium spp. and Bacteroides spp. in cases of non-gonococcal urethritis and to determine whether they are primary or secondary pathogens

Cerebrospinal fluid C-reactive protein differentiating bacterial from non-bacterial aseptic meningitis

This work was carried out on 45 patients with culture-proven bacterial meningitis and 55 children who had negative CSF culture and were diagnosed as aseptic meningitis. Total cell count and PMNs percentage in the CSF were significantly higher in bacterial meningitis patients than in cases of aseptic meningitis [P< 0.005]. An elevation of CSF protein associated with depression of CSF glucose concentrations, compared with aseptic meningitis in whom the reverse was detected, however, there was a large overlap as regards protein and glucose concentration in CSF of patients of both groups. C-RP was detected in CSF of 86.7% of culture-proven meningitis compared with 27.3% of cases of aseptic meningitis [P< 0.001]. At the same time, Gram's strain of CSF deposits of bacterial meningitis cases was positive in only 66.7% Haemophilus influenzae was the most predominant organism isolated from bacterial meningitis patients, followed by Neisseria meningitis, while E. coli was the least isolated organism. C-RP is a helpful diagnostic tool in differentiating between bacterial and aseptic meningitis. Patients with positive CSF C-RP could be considered to have bacterial meningitis until proven otherwise

Prevalence study of hepatitis B virus among Makkah pilgrims: the prevalence of E antigen infectivity marker in HBsAg positive pilgrims

Thirty five hepatitis B surface antigen positive sera from pilgrims were tested for the presence of hepatitis B [e] antigen by Abbott-HBe EIA method. Four [11.4%] were positive for this marker of infectivity

Prevalence of hepatitis B among Saudi diabetics

Some apparently healthy Saudi individuals are HBsAg +ve [6.51%]. However still this antigenaemia is more prevalent among Saudi diabetics whether under insulin or oral hypoglycaemics. This is because these patients repeatedly subjected to insulin injection, sampling for blood sugar estimations, contact with the same nursing staff, and furthermore the role played by the impaired immunity among diabetics

Rotavirus diarrhoea in a sample of Makkah pilgrims

An enzyme-linked immunes was used to detect rotavirus in stools from a group of pilgrims in Makkah over a five days period from those pilgrims attending general hospitals in Makkah complaining of diarrhea. During this time 209 specimens were tested, of these 61 specimens [29%]. This high prevalence assure early definitive dignosis, proper isolation, no use of unnecessary antibiotics, and glucose electrolyte solution recommended by WHO can be used instead