Assessing the prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus in infertile male patients in Tabriz, northwest Iran

Background: staphylococcus aureus is an infrequent, but one of the most successful bacteria that associated with infertility and are able to spermatozoa immobilization and agglutination

Objective: the aim of present study was to determine the frequency of S. aureus in semen obtained from infertile male patients in northwest Iran

Materials and Methods: seminal fluids of 100 infertile men were evaluated. Standard semen examination was done according to World Health Organization guidelines. After isolation and identification of S. aureus isolates according to reference methods, determination of susceptibility against important antibiotics and polymerase chain reaction were performed to identify mecA and tst genes

Results: data obtained from the present study shows that 16% of infertile male patients were colonized by S. aureus. Ten [62.5%] of the individuals had abnormal seminal fluid sperm motility and morphology and three [18.8%] of them had an abnormal seminal fluid density, whereas after washing with albumin-saline declined to 5 [31.3%], 4 [25%] and 1 [6.3%], respectively. The antibiogram results showed that, except penicillin, other antibiotics have high activity on isolates. Regarding polymerase chain reaction results, mecA sequences were detected in 3 [18.7%] strains, whilst the tst gene encoding TSST-1 was not detected in any of clinical strains

Conclusion: it would appear that the S. aureus may be an additional negative factor worsening sperm quality and affecting male fertility. Therefore, it demands that all the patients attending in infertility treatment facilities be investigated thoroughly

frequency of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from endocervix of infertile women in Northwest Iran

Background: Infertility is one of the major social issues. Due to the asymptomatic cervical infection associated with Staphylococcus aureus [S. aureus], the majority of patients remain undiagnosed. The present study intended to assess the frequency of S. aureus isolated from infertile women's endocervix in northwest Iran

Materials and Methods: In a descriptive cross sectional study, specimens were randomly collected during vagina examination using a sterile speculum and swabbing. After performance of antibiotic susceptibility testing, polymerase chain reaction [PCR] was used to identify methicillin-resistance S. aureus [MRSA] and toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 [TSST-1]

Results: About 26 [26%] and 9 [9%] women's urogenital tracts were colonized by S. aureus and Candida spp., respectively, of which three [11.5%] patients were infected with fungi and S. aureus, simultaneously. Antibiotic susceptibility results showed high activity of vancomycin and co-trimoxazole on isolates. Regarding PCR results, mecA sequences were detected in 7 [26.9%] strains, whilst the tst gene encoding TSST-1 was not detected in any of clinical strains

Conclusion: The prevalence of S. aureus was very high in infertile women. Therefore, it demands all patients undergoing infertility treatment to be investigated thoroughly for this type of infection

Treatment of shoulder dislocation with greater tuberosity and glenoid fractures

Large glenoid fractures are relatively uncommon with shoulder dislocation. Simultaneous glenoid and greater tuberosity fractures with anterior shoulder dislocation are very rare. We report on a 48-year right-handed male who sustained a fall during skiing. He had anterior shoulder dislocation combined with large glenoid fracture and greater tuberosity fracture. He was treated surgically with fixation of the glenoid and greater tuberosity fractures, using two different approaches. The deltopectoral approach with coracoid osteotomy and subscapularis split was used for glenoid fixation. McKenzie's approach was used for greater tuberosity fixation