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Background: Premarital Screening (PMS) program in Saudi Arabia aims at limiting the spread of hereditary diseases like Sickle Cell Anemia (SCA) and Thalassemia and infectious diseases like Hepatitis B&C and Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Although the PMS program is reducing the percentage of incompatible marriages, the prevalence of hemoglobinopathies is still remaining high. With the changing perception of the general population towards the PMS program, an examination of community awareness and attitude toward PM S is needed to find ways for reducing the prevalence of diseases. Objective : T o assess the present knowledge and attitude of the adult Saudi community from Riyadh Province to the premarital screening (PMS) program for hemoglobinopathies. Methods: This cros s - sectional study was conducted on 676 participants from the general population in June - September 2022. The electronic questionnaire was used to assess the sociodemographic data, knowledge, and attitude toward the PMS program. Results: Out of the 676 participants, 58% were females, and 42% were males. 54% had consanguineous marriages and 5.6% hemoglobinopathies in the family. 96.3% agreed on suggesting PMS to others, 83.2% considered PMS incompatible marriage is wrong, and 78.6% considered associated g enetic counselling is important. 22.7% preferred consanguineous marriage over non - consanguineous. For raising awareness, 97.6%, 85.9%, 84.6%, and 81.2% of respondents felt the need for community participation through the internet, social media, and medical education in schools respectively. Conclusion: Most participants have a positive attitude but only superficial knowledge of the PMS program and one - third are still unaware of its use for the prevention of hemoglobinopathies, especially thalassemia. Increa sing the knowledge about the importance of the PMS program and associated genetic counselling should be done with multiple information sources in a well - organized way that suits the community’s requirements.
ABSTRACT
Background: Calcaneum fractures constitute the majority of the tarsal bone fractures worldwide. There is no gold standard consensus as of now for the management of the displaced intra articular calcaneal fractures. Open reduction and internal fixation with plating is one of the management options available.Methods: Authors studied the results of open reduction and internal fixation with plating in 22 calcaneal fractures in a study with a minimum follow up of 6 months. Outcome was studied using Maryland foot score.Results: Authors observed excellent results in 5 patients (22.72%), good results in 12 patients (54.54%), fair results in 4 patients (18.18%) and poor result in 1 patient (04.54%). Authors encountered wound infection in 1 patient (4.54%), heel varus in 1 patient (4.54%), heel broadening in 1 patient (4.54%), reduced range of motion at ankle in 2 patients (9.9%) and persistent heel pain in 1 patient (4.54%).Conclusions: Open Reduction and Internal Fixation (ORIF) with calcaneum plating, through an extensive lateral approach, for displaced intra articular fractures of the calcaneum is an effective treatment modality with very good results in experienced hands.
ABSTRACT
Third molar surgery is the most frequent procedure carried out by the departments of oral and maxillofacial surgery all over the world. The procedure is accompanied by significant risks, with possible damage to the inferior alveolar and/or lingual nerve being of special concern. Considering these risks of morbidity, it is essential to establish the need of removal. National Institute of Clinical Excellence [NICE] in the United Kingdom introduced guidelines for removal of third molars in 2000, advocating that only pathological third molars should be removed. The following article makes reference to a study carried out in England where third molars are extracted in accordance with NICE guidelines. This study was carried out to assess the compliance of general dental practitioners to the NICE guidelines. It was noted that 95% of the patients referred for third molars extraction fulfilled the criteria set forth by NICE. 11% [15] patients who fulfilled the NICE guidelines criteria refused to undergo removal of third molars. Only 5% [7] patients did not meet referral criteria set by NICE guidelines. These guidelines cut down lot of unnecessary referrals and allowed for organization of the patient load by the secondary referral center, as well as limiting unnecessary surgeries and postoperative complications. There is a dire need to define similar guidelines in Pakistan pertaining to the local needs
Subject(s)
Humans , Practice Guidelines as Topic , Tooth ExtractionABSTRACT
Objective: Objective of study was to observe differences of tooth loss prevalence in males and females with cardiac diseases
Introduction: Poor oral health, tooth loss and periodontal diseases have been reported to be associated with coronary heart diseases. Studies report gender differences in prevalence of cardiac diseases and tooth loss. This paper presents gender differences of tooth loss in cardiac patients of a cardiac hospital of Lahore, Pakistan
Methodology: Age matched Cardiac males and females attending OPD of the Punjab Institute of Cardiology [PIC], Lahore were included in the study. Personal and health-related information were questioned and noted. Oral examination was performed for recording of missing teeth
Results: 1200 CHD study subjects with age-range of 30 to 80 years were enrolled for study. 1045 age matched, 766 [73.30%] males and 279 [26.70%] females were examined for tooth loss. 852 [81.53%] genders had at least one tooth missing. 599 [78.19] males and 253 [90.68%] females were observed with mean tooth loss of 7.5 [SD 8.720] and 11.15 [SD 10.375] respectively. Statistical association among them was also significant [P= 0.000] with OR of 2.339. More subjects [76.29%] showed a loss of 1-15 teeth that was also significant among males and females. Tooth loss was significant in age groups of 41-50 years [P=0.001] and 51-60 years [P=0.000]
Conclusion: Gender differences of tooth loss prevalence among CHD subjects were significant with more risk for males as compared to females