ABSTRACT
Studying early post kidney transplant urological complication will provide a feed back evaluation for the surgical technique used and the way of complication management. To study the postoperative urological complications and their management in the first 6 months following renal transplantation. This is a retrospective study in which 123 patients with end stage renal disease [ESRD] underwent renal transplantation from January 2001 to October 2004 in Al Karama teaching hospital, Baghdad -Iraq. All the transplanted kidneys were from living donors. Direct matching between the serum of recipient and lymphocytes of the donor was negative. Extravesical ureteroneosystostomy was carried out using a stent across the anastomotic site. Postoperatively recipients were followed for 6 months by clinical and regular laboratory tests. Ultrasound and color Doppler examinations were performed when there was any evidence of decreased urinary output, allograft dysfunction, or clinical suspicion of rejection. In 123 patients aged 5-59 years with a mean age of 34 years, renal transplantation was carried out. Postoperative urological complications within the first 6 months were reported in 12 [9.75%] patients including urinary leakage in 6 [4.8%], ureteral obstruction in 3 [2.4%], and lymphocele in 3 [2.4%] patients. Major urological complications after renal transplantation contribute to patient morbidity and compromise graft function. Early diagnosis and treatment will avoid loss of the graft