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Objective: The study was conducted to evaluate the ocular toxicity of ethambutol given in both intensive and continuation phases of treatment in children with drug-sensitive tuberculosis. Methods: A prospective study of 94 eyes from 47 patients receiving an ethambutol-containing regimen was conducted between 1 December, 2018 and 31 August, 2020. Visual acuity, visual field, visual evoked response (VER), contrast sensitivity, colour perception, and retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness [using optical coherence tomography (OCT)] were tested for each patient before, during, and after the treatment. Results: On follow-up, visual acuity, color vision, contrast sensitivity, fundus, and visual fields were not affected in any of the patients. There was no statistically significant increase in the mean latency of the P(100) wave at any point in time. On OCT, no significant loss of mean RNFL thickness was detected. Conclusions: Ethambutol is safe to use up to a dose of 20 mg/kg/day throughout the entire course of anti-tubercular therapy in children with drug-sensitive tuberculosis
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Objectives: This study was designed to determine the comparative efficacy of different scoring system in assessing the prognosis of critically ill patients
Methods:This was a retrospective study conducted in medical intensive care unit [MICU] and high dependency unit [HDU] Medical Unit III, Civil Hospital, from April 2012 to August 2012. All patients over age 16 years old who have fulfilled the criteria for MICU admission were included. Predictive mortality of APACHE II, SAP II and SOFA were calculated. Calibration and discrimination were used for validity of each scoring model
Results:A total of 96 patients with equal gender distribution were enrolled. The average APACHE II score in non-survivors [27.97+8.53] was higher than survivors [15.82+8.79] with statistically significant p value [<0.001]. The average SOFA score in non-survivors [9.68+4.88] was higher than survivors [5.63+3.63] with statistically significant p value [<0.001]. SAP II average score in non-survivors [53.71+19.05] was higher than survivors [30.18+16.24] with statistically significant p value [<0.001]
Conclusion:All three tested scoring models [APACHE II, SAP II and SOFA] would be accurate enough for a general description of our ICU patients. APACHE II has showed better calibration and discrimination power than SAP II and SOFA
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In the present age of World Wide Web, we are linked globally. As we are moving towards the modern era, the knowledge and information is growing in each and every field by the help of electronic sources. In the present scenario, electronics resources are playing an important role and providing unusual/surprising information which can be stored in an electronic device for further usage. Nowadays, online books, online journals and other electronic databases are expanding swiftly, almost in all fields of research and development. These electronic resources deliver functional bunch of information via multimedia tools in short time and space. The aim to write this paper is to educate about the e-resources, available in the world wide in medical and healthcare sector with emphasis over the categories of eresources, its density, advantages, disadvantages, medical open source (free) subscription base and its components.
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Back pain is one of humanity's most frequent complaints, a common reason for physician visits and a major psychological, physical and economical burden. Although the frequency of backache is as high as 46% even after general anaesthesia, it was the major cause for 13.4% patients refusing spinal anaesthesia. Multiple factors are involved in the pathogenesis of postoperative back pain and include type and duration of surgery, duration of immobilization, and the position of the patient during spinal puncture. Diagnosis of back pain is not simple; contributing factors may include needle trauma, surgical positioning, and injection of saline or local anaesthetic into the interspinous ligaments, development of a supraspinous hematoma, excessive stretching of ligaments after relaxation of paraspinal muscles and localized trauma to the intervertebral disc. Its relationship with various types and sizes of spinal needle is yet to be confirmed. Some preventive aspects have been discussed. Acute post spinal backache usually resolves within 7 days without any treatment but the possibility of epidural abscess or epidural hematoma must be ruled out. Counselling, hot and cold massage, mild analgesics like paracetamol or topical NSAIDs ointments may be prescribed
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This randomized, placebo controlled double blind study was conducted on 100 female patients undergoing open cholecystectomy under general anaesthesia. The patients received either oral Habb-e-Shifa or placebo for seven pre-operative days. Habb-e-Shifa was found to increase duration of sleep and reduced rate pressure, product pre-operatively. The drug reduced oral secretions during extubation of the trachea. Post operative analgesic requirement was significantly reduced
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Plants, Medicinal , Anesthesia, General/adverse effects , Preoperative Care , Medicine, Traditional , National Health Programs , Double-Blind MethodABSTRACT
The seed germination study was conducted through both in vitro and in vivo methods in Pterocarpus marsupium a multipurpose medicinal tree with low seed germination and poor viability. Mature seeds were surface sterilized and were either cultured on MS medium [half and full strength] augmented with different concentrations of GA[3] or subjected to various treatments viz. DW soaking, hot water soaking, cone. H[2]SO[4], cone. HCI and acid-alcohol [1:1]. The study suggested that in vitro method was more efficient and quick in terms of percent germination [80%] and half strength MS medium supplemented with GA[3] at 0.25 mg 1[-1] proved to be the optimal dose for induction of maximum germination