Effect of orientation program on hemodynamic variables of patients undergoing heart catheterization

Physiologic signs of anxiety usually change hemodynamic variables in patients undergoing heart catheterization. This study carried out to determine the effect of Orientation Program on hemodynamic variables in patient undergoing heart catheterization. In this experimental study, 60 patients undergoing heart catheterization were randomly assigned to either the test or control group. Data were collected using the demographic checklist and a hemodynamic variables checklist for recording hemodynamic variables. The collected data were analyzed using the Chi-square, repeated measurement, and independent t test in the SPSS. According to the results, there were significant reductions in the systolic and diastolic blood pressures, pulse rate, respiratory rate and systolic left ventricle pressure in the intervention group after the intervention [P<0.05]. There were no significant statistical difference between the two groups in systolic aorta pressure [P=0.173], diastolic aorta pressure [P=0.104], and end diastolic left ventricle pressure [P=0.886]. Orientation program had positive effects on most of the hemodynamic variables in the intervention group. The Orientation program is recommended to be used during invasive diagnostic procedures in order to prohibit anxiety's physiologic complications

Evaluation of the effect of elective percutaneous coronary intervention as a treatment method on the left ventricular diastolic dysfunction in patients with coronary artery disease

Although percutaneous coronary intervention [PCI] is an excellent therapy for coronary artery disease, there is a paucity of information on the efficacy of PCI in improving diastolic function, especially in Iran. Because of the high prevalence of left diastolic dysfunction in coronary artery disease patients and its probable progression to heart failure, an evaluation of the role of PCI in improving diastolic function is required. Thirty patients scheduled for elective PCI were enrolled in this study providing that their systolic ejection fraction was > 40%. Before PCI and 48 hours and 3 months after PCI, echocardiography was done to evaluate some diastolic values in these patients. The mean age of all the patients was 54 +/- 10 year, and 20 patients were male. All the patients had a low degree of left ventricular diastolic dysfunction. Isovolumic relaxation time [115 +/- 10 before treatment versus 120 +/- 1 and 119 +/- 3 respectively 48 hours and 3 months after treatment], mitral E wave velocity in septal [0.70 +/- 0.05 before treatment vs. 0.71 +/- 0.15 and 0.72 +/- 0.12 respectively 48 hours and 3 months after treatment], and the peak velocity of late filling due to atrial contraction [mitral A wave velocity] in septal [0.74 +/- 0.02 before treatment vs. 0.73 +/- 0.01 and 0.68 +/- 0.16 respectively 48 hours and 3 months after treatment] showed improvement after PCI. It is notable that early diastolic mitral annulus velocity [E'] wave velocity in the septal part of the mitral annulus improved significantly 48 hours and 3 months after PCI [p value < 0.05]. The early-to-late diastolic tissue velocity ratio of the mitral annulus [E/A] ratio of the mitral inflow improved 48 hours after PCI; it was statistically significant [p value = 0.05]. Also, mitral A wave velocity in septal and the E/A ratio of the mitral inflow improved significantly 3 months after PCI [p value < 0.05]. Improvement in some of values related to left ventricular diastolic function followed by PCI shows thai this method can be used to improve cardiac diastolic function in patients with symptomatic coronary artery disease

[Internal evaluation of audiology department, faculty of rehabilitation, Tehran university of medical sciences, Iran]

Internal Evaluation means assessment of abilities and potentials. To promote the quality of education, research, health and finally rehabilitation is one of the most important roles and responsibilities of the universities. Promotion of quality of the theoretical and practical education for the Audiology students provides this major with its final goal that is to serve society. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the strength, weaknesses, opportunities and threats [SWOTs] of the Audiology department and to identify the ways of diminishing weaknesses and threats. This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on undergraduates, postgraduates, graduates, academic staff, and the director of Audiology department in 9 areas, including management flowchart, educational programs, instructional methods and curriculum models, students, educational areas and equipments, graduate, academic staff, research, and treatment. Data were collected by questionnaires. Results were analyzed descriptively and were expressed in raw and percentage. The scores of areas in two measures were as follows: management flowchart 4.36 [87.31%], educational programs 4.17 [83.58%], instructional methods and curriculum models 4.01 [80.26%], students 3.43 [68.60%], educational areas and equipment 3.60 [72.11%], from the view of undergraduates, post graduates, faculties, graduates 3.60 [72.03%], academic staff 4.03 [80.6%], research 3.52 [70.4%], and treatment 4.54 [90.80%]. The highest score was, therefore, of the treatment area and the lowest belonged to the educational area and equipments. The score of the Audiology department, as the main factor was 3.89 out of 5 which was 77.88%. Audiology group total score indicates the desirable status that can be promoted to the most desirable if SWOTs are considered

comparison study on the time -frequency specifity of normal cochlear in infants and adults

Analysis of transient evoked otoacoustic emissions [TEOAEs] is of considerable interest due to their close relation with cochlear mechanisms which reveal cochlear function.The particular structure of TEOAEs requires a method with both a satisfactory time and frequency resolution. Among different methods the time -frequency techniques are the most suitable approaches. The aim of this study was to investigate the differences between neonate's cochlear function and adult's cochlear function using time -frequency approaches in TEOAEs. The data of this cohort study was obtained from a sample of 23 normal neonates, aged between 1-28 days, and 31 normal adults, aged between 18 -25 years.TEOAEs with click stimulus were performed for both ears .The TEOAEs files were investigated in time - frequency transform software in off-line mode. The signal to noise ratio [SNR] and response level [dB] of TEOAEs were analysed. The reproducibility, SNR and response level in neonates was greater than adults and in both groups there were no significant difference between responses of males and females and of the right and the left ears. There are differences between neonate's and adult's cochlear response. High frequencies responses are stronger in neonate's cochlea

Family violence pattern prevalence enacting or experiencing violence in men or women

To estimate prevalence rate of violence in spousal relationship and chronicity of enacting and experiencing violence Method: The data were gathered through a systematized multi-clustral sampling. 460 Men and Women from different parts of Tehran [the areas 2, 5, 12,18] were participated in study, after being informed from the object of the research. Conflict Tactics Scale-2 and a researcher developed questionniar for cultural and demographic data were completed by each participant. Conflict Tactics Scales is a simple behavior self-report instrument with 4 aspects: physical assault, injury assault, sexual coercion, psychological aggression and one aspect for using negotiation in interpersonal relationship. These scales, in the same time, measure a mutual violence [inacteted and experiencing]. Findings: Findings showed that in couple relationships men were more engaged in enacting violence than women. The chronicity of aggression was also higher in men comparing women. Some of cultural and demographic factors were related to family violence. Although men were more enacted but violence had a mutual base

[ effect of music on hearing of string musicians]

Hearing sensitivity is so vital for musicians as loud music can cause hearing loss. The aim of this study was to assess hearing sensitivity of musicians in order to determine the effects of music exposure on hearing organ. This case-control study was conducted on 15 string musicians with musicianship history of more than 10 years and 15 normal hearing subjects. They all were male and 20-30 years old. TEOAE and DPOAE performed and after otoscopy, immittance and pure tone audiometry in octave frequencies between 250 to 16000 Hz. There is not significant difference between pure tone thresholds of two groups for all frequencies. A significant difference of TEOAE is found between two groups for total response and amplitudes of TEOAE .DPOAE amplitudes are not significantly different between two groups. Musicianship may affect TEOAE amplitudes, but cannot affect results of PTA and DPOAE. Therefore this can be useful to detect cochlear lesions secondary to music exposure and also as a tool in hearing protection program

[Comparing analog and digital hearing aids in reducing hearing disability]

Comparing analog and digital hearing aids reducing disability caused by hearing deficiency among moderate to severe sensorineural hearing-impaired persons. This descriptive-analytic study was carried out on two groups of subjects participated in this study in some audiology clinics of hearing aid since May 2002 to October 2003. Twenty subjects wore analog hearing aids and twenty one subjects wore digital hearing aids. In this study , no subject had previous middle ear or psychological problems. APHAB questionnaire was completed before using hearing aid and 2 months after to determine benefit of hearing aid use. Total score mean of APHAB inventory before and after use of analoge hearing aids were 52.215 +/- 6.420 and 32.300 +/- 3.443 respectively. Also total score mean of APHAB inventory before and after use of digital hearing aids were 54.9252 +/- 9.028 and 26.321 +/- 10.916 respectively. There was no significant difference between total mean score of APHAB inventory before and after using analog and digital hearing aids [P=0.058].While there was significant difference between total mean score of APHAB questionnaire before and after use of analog hearing aids [P<0.001] and also before and after use of digital hearing aids [P<0.001]. Moreover age, gender , litracy level , occupation , degree of hearing loss and manner of hearing aid usage did not have significant effect on APHAB results. Configuration of loss had siginficant effect on aversiveness subscale before and after use of analog hearing aids [P =0.008]. Previous experience and duration of hearing aid usage had significant effect on aversiveness subscale before and after use of digital hearing aids [P=0.043] and [P=0.024], respectively , while all of these three items did not have significant effect on total mean score of APHAB inventory and also total mean scores of three subscales of ease of communication , reverberation and background noise. Comparing to analog hearing aid , digital one is significantly beneficial for reverberation and background noise for hearing-impaired persons , but it has no benefit for ease of communication and aversiveness that may be arised from effects of the individual expectation , psychological and personal factors