ABSTRACT
Background: Iodine is an essential element for growth and development and its inadequate intake leads to insufficient production of thyroid hormone. In developed countries iodine deficiency [ID] is one of the reformable factors. So, this study determined urinary iodine [UI] status of 8-10-year old school children in Yazd province during 2007 to 2016
Methods: This cross-sectional and descriptive study was conducted on 2236 students who were randomly selected from urban and rural regions with equal proportion of gender. Questionnaires were administered to gather the required descriptive data and then morning samples of urine were collected. Iodine concentration was determined with titration and acidic digestion. Data were analyzed through SPSS software
Results: During the study period, the percentage of students with UI of lower than 2 microg/dL, was zero and only 2.37 % of them had a UI level in the range of 2-4.90 microg/dL. Median of UI was 18.40 +/- 7.70 microg/dL level of UI in normal range showed noticeable increase from 2013 to 2016. Level of normal UI in ten years was 79.02%
Conclusions: According to the results of this study, Yazd province was considered "IDD free" similar to some other provinces. Also, level of UI more than 30 microg/dL was decreased. It is clear that this approaches need continuous evaluation such as annual evaluation of UI in 8-10 years old students at province level and every five years evaluation at national level
ABSTRACT
Background: oral candidiasis is a common opportunistic infection in diabetic patients. Presence of denture in the oral cavity of diabetic patients can promote Candida colonization and results in the higher incidence of oral and systemic candidiasis. The general purpose of the present study was to evaluate and compare Candida colonization in denture of diabetic patients and non-diabetic control group
Methods: in current case-control study, samples for mycological examinations were collected from the palatal impression surface of maxillary dentures from 92 edentulous patients including 46 diabetic and 46 non-diabetic denture wearers. All samples were cultured directly on sabouraud agar medium and isolated colonies were counted and identified based on specific tests. Data were statistically analyzed using Mann-Whitney and Spearman correlation tests
Results: the higher density of isolated colonies was seen in diabetic group in compare with control group [P = 0.0001]. There was a statistically significant correlation between the blood glucose level [P = 0.0001] and the duration of denture usage [P = 0.022] with the colonization of Candida on denture of diabetic patients. C. albicans was the most common isolated Candida species in both groups, though diabetic patients with dentures had more non-albicans Candida isolated from their dentures compared to non-diabetic patients
Conclusions: mycological findings from the present study revealed that diabetes mellitus can increase colonization of Candida in denture and mouth. By elimination of local and systemic factors in diabetic patients and improving their oral health care, Candida colonization and the risk of oral and systemic candidiasis will be decreased