Acute renal morbidities with obstetrical emergencies: an important women health issue

Objective: To observe the impact of acute renal morbidities with obstetrical emergencies on maternal health

Methods: In this study pregnant women between 28-40 weeks gestational period and delivered women in their puerperal period up to 42 days after delivery having acute renal problems associated with obstetrical emergencies were included. Pregnant and delivered women with obstetrical emergencies and associated other morbidities were excluded. These women were registered on the predesigned proforma after taking written informed consent and taking approval from institutional ethic research committee. The data was collected and analyzed on SPSS version 21

Result: Out of these 196 total registered women, majority of these women 81[41.32%] were between 21-30 years of age and multiparous women with parity four and above were 83[42.34%]. Commonest presenting symptoms were generalized oedema 123[62.75%] and oligouria 92[46.93%]. Frequent obstetrical emergencies observed were pre-eclampsia 53[27.04%], post partum haemorrhage 48[24.48%] and ante partum haemorrhage 36[18.36%] women. The complete recovery was observed in 86[43.87%] women, while mortality was seen in 56[28.57%] women

Conclusion: Renal morbidities were more frequently observed in obstetrical emergencies leading to high morbidity and mortality rate

Effect of smokeless tobacco on the outcome of Swiss albino mice pregnancy and changes in their offspring's body weight; an experimental study

Objective: To study the harmful effects of smokeless chewing local tobacco on Swiss Albino mice pregnancy outcome and observe the effect on their offspring's body weight

Study Design: An Experimental study

Place and Duration of Study: This study was conducted at Anatomy Department Al- Tibri Medical College, Isra University Karachi during June 2015 to December 2015

Materials and Methods: Twenty pregnant Swiss albino mice and their 40 offspring male and female equal number, Selected randomly. The mice were divided into Experimental and control groups. Inclusion criteria were the healthy offspring of two weeks age. At the time of birth initial weight was taken and the final weight was taken after two weeks. Exclusion criteria was unhealthy, less or more than two week's age. Independent sample t-test was used for analysis of data through SPSS version 20.0

Results: Total of 20 female Swiss albino mice divided equally into two groups experimental and control. Experimental group was kept on 5% smokeless tobacco. Twenty offspring from experimental and twenty offspring from control group of both sexes were taken. Initial and final weights of both groups were recorded. Significant difference was observed in initial and final weights of offspring with P-value=0.01

Conclusion: Tobacco which is frequently used in our region without any knowledge of its harmful effects. It is proved that smokeless tobacco not only reduces the weight of offspring but during pregnancy it effects the growing fetus leading to stillbirth and neonatal deaths

Awareness of needlestick injuries among the dental health professionals at Lahore medical and dental college

Health care associated transmission of blood borne diseases has always been an important public and medical concern worldwide. Objective of this study was to assess the degree of awareness of needle stick injuries among dental health professionals working at LMDC. Dental students during clinical training are at high risk for needle stick injury while administering local anesthesia. This fact has been known for the past few decades to be the founder of several blood borne diseases such as Hepatitis B [HBV], C [HCV] and AIDS [HIV]. Several studies have reported the high incidence of such practice among dental students and graduates. Study was conducted on 139 Dental Health Professionals at the Lahore Medical and Dental College in the year 2010 based upon questionnaire developed by a team of senior faculty members. Exposure to needle stick injury was found among 63[45%] subjects. 118 [85%] of Dental health professional were found to be aware of precautionary measures and first aid management for a needle stick injury respectively. The number of Dental Health Professionals who had been vaccinated for Hepatitis B [HBV] 121 [87%] and those who had never been vaccinated were 18 [13%]. Among nonvaccinated group 90% were Dental assistants. Proper work practices and continued Education seminars and workshops regarding awareness of needle stick injuries have the prime importance of creating awareness. The prevention and management protocol for such injury should be displayed in the clinical departments of all institutions. These steps will assure safe practicing methodology among dental health professionals

Laparoscopic versus open appendectomy: a comparison of primary outcome measures

The aim of the study was to compare laparoscopic and open appendectomy [OA] in terms of primary outcome measures. Study design: A randomized controlled trial. Place and duration of the study: Khyber Teaching Hospital, Peshawar, Pakistan, February 2008 to December 2009. A total of 160 patients were divided into two groups, A and B. Group A patients were subjected to laparoscopic appendectomy [LA], whereas Group B patients were subjected to OA. Data regarding age, gender, and primary outcome measures, such as hospital stay, operative duration, and postoperative complication, were recorded and analyzed. Percentages were calculated for categorical data, whereas numerical data were represented as mean +/- SD. Chi-square test and t test were used to compare categorical and numerical variables, respectively. Probability