Helicobacter pylori infection in dyspeptic children: endoscopic and histological features

In order to study helicobacter pylori infection in children with chronic dyspepsia in respect to prevalence, endoscopic and histological findings. A total of 163 dyspeptic children [below the age of 14 years] were included in this prospective study over two years duration in Prince Rashid Bin Al-Hassan military hospital in Irbid in North of Jordan. All those children underwent esophagogastroduodenoscopy and helicobacter pylori infection was detected histopathologically from gastric biopsies. Helicobacter pylori chronic gastritis was found in 82% of patients. Normal endoscopy was shown in 47% of the helicobacter pylori positive patients. The most common endoscopic finding was antral nodularity [38%] which significantly indicated helicobacter pylori infection. Prevalence of helicobacter pylori infection increased with age but it showed no significant difference with sex. The prevalence of helicobacter pylori infection was frequent in dyspeptic children presenting to our hospital. Although some endoscopic findings such as gastric antral hyperemia and nodularity significantly indicated helicobacter pylori infection, biopsies are mandatory to confirm diagnosis and to rule out the infection in normal upper endoscopies

Insulin like growth factor 1 as an indicator of growth hormone deficiency

Insulin like growth factor 1 is a protein produced by the liver under the effect of Growth hormone. It is used as a screening test in the evaluation of patients suspected to have growth hormone deficiency. The aim of the study was to determine the value of Insulin like growth factor 1 level as an Indicator of growth hormone deficiency. This is a retrospective simple analytical study of 103 files of clinically diagnosed patients with short stature, was conducted in the period between June 2010 to November 2012 in the endocrine clinic at Queen Rania Al-Abdullah Hospital for Children. Seventy Patients were males while 33 patients were females, age ranged between 2 and 19 years. Al of these patients were evaluated clinically, height recorded using a stadiometer. Baseline routine laboratory studies, thyroid function test, celiac disease screening, and bone age were done for the patients. Insulin like growth factor 1 level and growth hormone stimulation test were performed for every patient. Patients with celiac disease, primary hypothyroidism, Turner syndrome, achondroplasia, Chronic liver diseases and malnutrition were excluded from the study. Of the total 103 patients, 70 [68%] were males, 33 [32%] were females. Mean age was 9.6 years. There was significant correlation between Insulin like growth factor 1 Level and weight, chronological age, bone age. While there was no correlation between sex and insulin like growth factor 1. There was no correlation between Insulin like growth factor 1 and maximum growth hormone level response by growth hormone stimulation test, the correlation r = 0.56, the p value >0.05. Insulin like growth factor 1 level is not a reliable indicator of growth hormone deficiency and lacks specificity. It can support the diagnosis of growth hormone deficiency, but growth hormone stimulation test is still the gold standard test in highly suspected cases of growth hormone deficiency even with normal level of Insulin like growth factor 1