ABSTRACT
Background: Hemodialysis process is a life-long intervention, involves multiple contributing factors to be completed; including: scheduling of hemodialysis sessions, patient presence in hemodialysis unit, patient family sharing and cooperation, availability and readiness of hemodialysis instruments and tools, availability, cooperation and readiness of hemodialysis unit staff
Objective: This study aimed to promote the quality of life in patients on chronic hemodialysis patients in Al Qurayat General Hospital in Saudi Arabia. We tried to determine the factors that affect the quality of life
Material and Methods: This was a descriptive, uncenter and non-interventional study. All patients had chronic hemodialysis in Al Qurayat general hospital. A questionnaire contains all questions regarding the objective of this study. Data were taken via interviewing 76 patients; 36 males, and 40 females aged 14 to above 60. All patients were interviewed individually to fill the questionnaire directly
Results: 76 patients on chronic hemodialysis in the Artificial Kidney Unit [AKU] in Al Qurayat Hospital were studies, 36 males and 40 females, their ages ranged between less than 14 to above 60, mean age 49.5 years, for some items correlated with quality of their life affected by chronic hemodialysis through a special questionnaire was designed for this purpose
Conclusion: Male and female patients undergoing chronic hemodialysis were almost equally in numbers. A considerable percentage of patients on chronic hemodialysis is lying in the productive adult age group. Patients on chronic hemodialysis spend a considerable mean time per day to undergo hemodialysis sessions, for undergoing a mean 11 sessions per month. All aspects of patients on chronic hemodialysis life are affected negatively in most patients, either mildly or moderate to severe, and to extreme extent occasionally; including personal, family, community/social, and occupational/professional aspects
ABSTRACT
Escape from the renal actions of vasopressin is said to occur in rats with chronic hyponatremia. Our objective was to provide specific evidence to test this hypothesis. Hence the osmolality in the excised renal papilla and in simultaneously voided urine (U(Osm)) was measured in rats with and without hyponatremia. To induce hyponatremia, rats were fed low-electrolyte chow for 6 days. In the first 3 days, water was provided ad lib. On days 4 to 6, a long acting vasopressin preparation (dDAVP) was given every 8 hours to induce water retention. The hyponatremic rats drank 21 mL 5% sucrose on day 4 and 6 mL on day 5. On the morning of day 6, these rats were given 10 mL of 5% glucose in water (D5W) by the intraperitoneal route at 09:00 hour and at 11:00 hour. Analyses were performed in blood, urine, and the excised renal papilla at 13:00 hour on day 6. The concentration of Na+ in plasma (P(Na)) in rats without intraperitoneal D5W was 140+/-1 mEq/L (n=7) whereas it was 112+/-3 mEq/L in the hyponatremic group (n=12). The hyponatremic rats had a higher osmolality in the excised papillary (1,915+/-117 mOsm/kg H2O) than the U(Osm) (1,528+/-176 mOsm/kg H2O, P<0.05). One explanation for this difference is that the rats escaped from the renal action of vasopressin. Nevertheless, based on a quantitative analysis, other possibilities will be considered.