ABSTRACT
Statement of the Problem: Dental caries is the most common disease of childhood. Using probiotics has recently been introduced to reduce the incidence of dental caries. It consists of live microbial food supplements that beneficially affect the host, and hence are considered an alternative way to eradicate the infections.
Purpose: The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of consumption of probiotic yogurt on the children's salivary cariogenic microflora.
Materials and Method: A double-blind randomized study was performed recruiting 2 parallel groups; 24 healthy children in the case and 25 children in the control group. All healthy children were followed- up over 4 periods. Periods 1 and 3 were wash-out periods with duration of 1 and 2 weeks, respectively. During periods 2 and 4 [2weeks duration each], the case group consumed 200g yogurt containing Bifidobacterium lactis [1×10[6] per gram] once daily and the control group consumed normal yogurt. Salivary Streptococci mutans and Lactobacilli were enumerated before and after the yogurt consumption periods. Pre- and post-treatment values within and between regimens were compared using the t-test and paired samples
Results: There was a reduction in Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus counts in the control group, but for Streptococcus mutans, the count reduction between phases 1 and 4 was statistically significant [p= 0.009]. In the case group, neither the Streptococcus mutans count nor the Lactobacilli count was significantly reduced
Conclusion: Based on the findings of this study, short-term daily consumption of probiotic yogurt containing Bifidobacterium lactis could not reduce the levels of salivary Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacilli in 6 to 12 year-old children, while normal yogurt could reduce the Streptococcus mutans counts significantly
ABSTRACT
Statement of the Problem: P63 gene is a member of TP53 and its homologous gene family. Its expression was observed in some odontogenic lesions, more expression in aggressive lesions
Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the possible diagnostic impact of P63 protein on dentigerous cysts and various types of ameloblastoma. Its expression with Ki-67 proliferation marker was also compared
Materials and Method: This cross-sectional retrospective study was enrolled on 25 cases of dentigerous cyst including 21 unicystic ameloblastomas and 17 conventional ameloblastomas. The expression of P63 and Ki-67 was assessed by immunohistochemical [IHC] examinations. Data were analyzed by employing Mann- Whitney and correlation coefficient tests
Results: P63 expression was significantly higher in ameloblastoma than unicystic ameloblastoma and dentigerous cysts. There was no significant difference between unicystic ameloblastoma and dentigerous cyst in P63 expression. A 90% cut-off point was obtained for basal layer which gave 88% sensitivity and 78% specificity to distinguish more invasive lesions from others. There was not any correlation between P63 and Ki-67 immunostaining in the three study groups
Conclusion: More aggressiveness and more invasiveness of odontogenic lesions depicted higher rate and also more intensive expression of P63. Moreover, the expression of P63 protein had not any correlation with Ki-67 protein in dentigerous cysts and ameloblastomas
ABSTRACT
Statement of the Problem: Hydrogen peroxide [H[2]O[2]] has been suggested to be used in sequence or in combination with chlorhexidine [CHX] to enhance the antibacterial activity against Enterococcus faecalis, but there is no research in the literature on the safety and effectiveness of this irrigation protocol
Purpose: This study aimed to assess the cytocompatibility and antibacterial activity of different concentrations of CHX combined with H[2]O[2] in comparison with the activity of 5.25 and 2.5% sodium hypochlorite [NaOCl]
Materials and Method: Different concentrations of H[2]O[2] [10, 5, 3 and 1%] were exposed to the PDL cells. Then, the solution with minimal cytotoxicity was selected [3% H[2]O[2]]. The cytocompatibility and antibacterial activity of 0.1, 0.2, 1 and 2% CHX combined with 3% H[2]O[2] were evaluated and compared with 5.25 and 2.5% NaOCl. The differences in the mean viability of PDL cells were evaluated by one-way ANOVA. Kruskal-Wallis and post-hoc Dunn's tests were adopted to compare the antibacterial activity of the solutions against E.faecalis
Results: The viability of PDL cells was lower when treated with 5.25 or 2.5% NaOCl than all combinations of CHX and H[2]O[2]. There was no significant difference in the antibacterial activity of the solutions against E.faecalis, except for the 0.1% CHX + 3% H[2]O[2] combination, which had significantly lower efficacy than other groups
Conclusion: All combinations of CHX and H[2]O[2] [used in this study] except 0.1% CHX + 3% H[2]O[2] were efficient irrigants against planktonic E.faecalis and had a better cytocompatibility with PDL cells than 5.25 and 2.5% NaOCl