ABSTRACT
Objective: Low back pain [LBP] is one of the most common and prevalent work-related conditions. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence and risk factors associated with LBP in dentists and to analyze the association between individual and occupational characteristics and LBP
Methods: Following ethical approval, 300 dentists from Tehran Iran have voluntarily participated. Different questionnaires were completed to collect personal, occupational characteristics and the prevalence and risk factors of LBP. Visual analogue scale and Oswestry disability questionnaires were used to determine pain intensity and level of functional disability
Results: The results indicated that point, last month, last six month, last year and lifetime prevalence of LBP were 24.6%, 24.9%, 27.7%, 28.1% and 31.4%, respectively. A significant correlation was found between the prevalence of LBP and preventive strategies, general health condition, having an assistant and job satisfaction. Body mass index, age and gender were not significantly correlated with the prevalence of Low back pain
Conclusions: The prevalence of Low back pain in dentists appears to be high. Further studies focusing on the effectiveness of different preventive strategies are recommended
ABSTRACT
Objectives: Ankle Foot Orthoses [AFOs] are widely utilized to improve walking ability in hemiplegic patients. The present sludy aimed to evaluate the effect of Rocker bar Ankle Foot Orthosis [RAFO] on functional mobility in posl-stroke hemiplegic patients
Methods: Fifteen hemiplegic patients [men and women] who were at leasl 6-months posl-stroke and able to walk without an assisUve device for at lea
The patients were examined for three conditions: shoes only, with SAFO and with RAFO. Their functional mobility was evaluated through 10-meter walk test and Timed Up and Go [TUG] tesl In addition, paired t-tesl; was used to analyze the obtained data
Results: When the patients used RAFO, their gait speed significantly increased [P<0.05]. Moreover, the time of performing TUG tesl experienced a significant decrease using RAFO compared with utilizing shoe only [P<0.05]
Discussion: RAFO led to a significant improvement in functional mobility in hemiplegic patients posl stroke. This may be due to the positive effect of rocker modification on improving push off and transferring weight during the Glance phase of gait
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Motor skills play an important role during life span, and older adults need to learn or relearn these skills. The purpose of this study was to investigate how aging affects induction of improved movement performance by motor training
Methods: Serial Reaction Time Test [SRTT] was used to assess movement performance during 8 blocks of motor training. Participants were tested in two separate dates, 48 hours apart. First session included 8 blocks of training [blocks 1-8] and second session comprised 2 blocks [blocks 9, 10]
Results: Analyses of data showed that reaction times in both online and offline learning were significantly shorter in older adults compared to younger adults [P<0.001]. Young adults demonstrated both online and offline learning [P<0.001], but older adults only showed online learning [P<0.001] without offline learning [P=0.24]
Discussion: The result of the current study provides evidence that the healthy older adults are able to improve their performance with practice and learn motor skill successfully in the form of online learning
ABSTRACT
Objectives: Ankle Foot Orthoses [AFOs] are widely utilized to improve walking ability in hemiplegic patients. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of Rocker bar Ankle Foot Orthosis [RAFO] on functional mobility in post-stroke hemiplegic patients.
Methods: Fifteen hemiplegic patients [men and women] who were at least 6-months post-stroke and able to walk without assistive device for at least 10 meters voluntarily participated in this study. The patients were examined with and without RAFO. Their functional mobility was evaluated through 10-meter walk test and Timed Up and Go [TUG] test. Also, paired t-test was used to analyze obtained data.
Results: When patients used RAFO, their gait speed significantly increased [p<0.05]. Also, the time of performing TUG test experienced a significant decrease using RAFO compared with utilizing shoe only [p<0.05].
Discussion: RAFO led to a significant improvement in functional mobility in hemiplegic patient's secondary to stroke. It seems that, it has been due to the positive effect of rocker modification on improving push off and transferring weight during stance phase of gait.
ABSTRACT
Objectives: Stroke is the leading cause of long-term disability. Hand motor impairment resulting from chronic stroke may have extensive physical, psychological, economical, and social implications despite available rehabilitative treatments. The best time to start treatment for stroke is in sub-acute period. Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation [rTMS] is a method of stimulating and augmenting the neurophysiology of the motor cortex in order to promote the neuroplastic changes that are associated with motor recovery. The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation protocols plus routine rehabilitation on hand motor functions and hand corticomotor excitability in stroke patients with hemiplegia with pure routine rehabilitation programs.
Methods: This study was a randomized clinical trial which was performed on 24 patients with hemiplegia who were randomly divided in to three groups: received high frequency rTMS, received rehabilitation program with low frequency rTMSl, who were given only routine rehabilitation programs. The treatment was performed for 10 sessions, three times pre-post test and follow-up about neurophysiological contralesional hemisphere evaluations using record of MEP wave indices by single pulse TMS, and assessing functional wolf test and hand grip power of disabled hand by dynamometer.
Results: The results demonstrated that the rest MEP threshold reduction in experimental group which received high frequency magnetic stimulation was not statistically significant [P=0.387]. There was significant reduction for active MEP threshold in the within group [P=0.031]. Also there were statistically significant between obtained results from WOLF test and grip test.
Discussion: According to the results, it seems that Hf rTMS combined with routine physiotherapy can significantly improve hand functions and brain neurophysiology via specifically increase of contralesional corticomotor excitability in sever stroke patients. It indicated the role of neuroplasticity in nonlesioned hemisphere; but the hypothesis of movement improvement related cognitive balance can't be eliminated by exploring powerful approved effect of Hf rTMS on mood regulation.
ABSTRACT
Kienbock's disease, which is an idiopathic osteonecrosis and collapse of the lunate bone, is an uncommon disease in children. This report describes a case of an 11-year-old girl, who presented with avascular necrosis of lunate bone confirmed by radiographic and magnetic resonance imaging evidence. After a short period of casting, the case was fully recovered within one year. The signal change was confirmed by magnetic resonance imaging, and the deformity of lunate that was demonstrated by avascular necrosis. The patient wore a long arm cast for six weeks, and after one year radiographic pattern was normalized