ABSTRACT
Background and Purpose: Traditional baker's occupation is a complex of long repetitive tasks and movements with high intensity which exposes the baker into musculoskeletal disorders. The aim of this study was a detailed analysis of risk factors leading to the incidence of musculoskeletal disorders in Sabzevar bakers.
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 70 traditional bakers in Sabzevar, Iran who were selected by simple random sampling. First, the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders was determined using Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire; then, Rapid Upper Lumbar assessment [RULA] was used for assessing postures to obtain final scores. Data were analyzed using R software [version R2.15.2].
Results: Based on the findings, the average age and work experience of bakers were 19.4 and 36.4 years respectively. The most symptomatic risk factors were related to shoulder [%56.8] and knees [50%]. In assessing Rapid Upper Lumbar assessment [RULA], 33.34% of personnel [correction level 4] obtained 7, and 55% obtained 5 and 6 [with Corrective level 3]. Non-parametric showed significant correlation between the musculoskeletal disorders and age [p = 0.02] and work experience [p = 0.03] [confidence level 95%]. In other words, bakers with older age and more work experience suffered from more disorders
Conclusion: Based on the results, a significant percentage of traditional bakers work in an ergonomically unsafe environment [%88.3], and the frequency of musculoskeletal disorders is high in this population; this requires urgent ergonomic and managerial action.
ABSTRACT
Background and Purpose: Cardiac catheterization is one of the most common diagnostic and therapeutic methods of cardiovascular diseases. The present study was conducted to determine the effect of guided imagery on patients' anxiety awaiting cardiac catheterization.
Materials and Methods: This interventional study[randomized trial] was carried out on 62 patients undergoing coronary angiography for the first time in vasey hospital of Sabzevar in 2013. .In the case group, guided Imagery method[a method of relaxation] was performed Information was collected via a State-Trait Anxiety Inventory [STAI], and an anxiety standard questionnaire. Data analysis was done using SAS 9.1 and SPSS 16 statistical softwares.
Results: The average age of participants in this study was 57.06 +/- 8.9 years. 25 participants [40.32%] were female and 37 [59.67%]were male. in the case group, mean score of State-Trait Anxiety decreased significantly in comparison to the control one after the intervention. [p<0.001]. The average score of anxiety in the control group before angiography had increased. Moreover, there was no significant correlation between anxiety and demographic variables like age and sex.
Conclusions: Guided imagery and relaxation impress patients' anxiety undergoing first-time coronary angiography. Therefore, there is recommended to use this method before cardiac catheterization performance.
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Oral health care in patients with an endotracheal tube is one of the most important aspects of nursing care and nursing tasks in intensive care units. Mouth cleaning can reduce the amount of dental gingival, gum disease and the incidence of pneumonia associated with mechanical ventilation.
Purposes: The purpose of this study is the comparison between the effect of chlorhexidine solution and toothbrush in the prevention of oral lesions in patients hospitalized in intensive care unit in Shaheed Beheshti Hospital of Sabzevar.
Materials and methods: This study is a clinical trial. The Research Society in this study is patients hospitalized with endotracheal tube from the arrival time in intensive care unit in 1392. In this study, 30 patients were selected with target-based approach. They were divided into two groups by permutation blocking method for oral care toothbrush and chlorhexidine. There were 15 patients in each group. Beck Oral Assessment Scale [BOAS] modified and MPS are used in order to collect information on demographics List of information from the checklist of oral health. Data are analyzed by R software, KolmogorovSmirnov test, Chi square test, and Fisher and multiple logistic regression at 95% confidence level.
Results: Patients toothbrush and chlorhexidine groups of characteristics like age, sex, and drugs were similar [p>0.05]. The results show that the toothbrush and chlorhexidine are effective in preventing oral lesions, but in some cases, when the toothbrush was used, the oral health status of the patient was better [OR=1.52? p=0.0046].
Discussion and conclusion: The results indicated the use of toothbrushes and toothpaste is a significant effect in reducing oral lesions in comparison with chlorhexidine.