[Evaluation of antibiotic resistance in bacteria isolated from patients hospitalized in imam khomeini and burn hospitals in Ahvaz City, Iran]

In recent years the emergence of antibiotic resistance has a high prevalence, so that it has become one of the complexities in modern medicine. This study was performed with the aim of evaluating the bacteria isolated from clinical samples of the patients with various infections and estimating the prevalence of various bacteria and also antibiotic resistance pattern. At first, culture was prepared from wounds of the patients with nosocomial infection in Imam Khomeini and Burn hospitals in 2008-2009. Then, after isolation of bacteria, antibiotic susceptibility was determined using antibiotic discs. Data were analyzed using statistical tests [ratio] at the significance level of p

Skiing injuries at the dizin ski resort

Skiing is one of the more popular winter sports which may cause injuries. The objective of this study was to identify the most common types of injuries in Iran's largest ski resort. This cross-sectional descriptive study was performed on 1233 of patients admitted to the Dizin Resort Infirmary in 2008-2009. Obtained data included age, gender, injury type and medical interventions. All data were analyzed by SPSS 16.0 software. Results showed that 75% of the patients were male and 25% female. The mean age was found to be 27.86 [ +/- 9.95] years. Most patients were between 20-29 years old [55.2%]. The most common injury was knee trauma [14.4%]. Other common injuries were soft tissue injury [12.1%], shoulder trauma [8.1%], head and face trauma [7%] and wrist trauma [5.5%] respectively. There was a significant relationship between age and sex i.e. the age in women was less than men's [P< 0.0 01]. We found a relationship between age and injury type. The lowest mean age [24.83] was reported in the patients with head and face injuries and the highest mean age [44.5] was in the patients with malleolus fracture [P < 0.001]. Additionally, sex and knee trauma proved to be connected with more prevalence in women [P= 0.001]. There was also a significant relationship between sex and shoulder injuries showing a higher prevalence in men [P=0.015]

Epidemiologic study of TB in Iranian prisons during April-September 2004

Despite the advances in medical technology has resulted in decrease of occurrence of infectious disease, tuberculosis is still the most common cause of mortality. Prisoners are at high risk of acquiring TB. The most common reasons are overcrowding, malnutrition, high-risk behaviors, addiction and HIV infection. In current study, the epidemiology and prevalence of TB in prisons in Iran was investigated. Checklists were obtained prisons throughout of iran from and data were then analyzed to determine the prevalence of TB among the prisoners. In this study, 339 patients were diagnosed with TB. All patients were older than 15 years. All except two patients were male. In 83 cases, TB infection is along with HIV. Because of unfavorable environment of prison the level of TB in prisons is higher than that of the civilian population. Additionally high levels of MDR-TB in prisons have been reported from some studies. The results obtained from current study indicated the prevalence of TB also is high in Iranian prisons and in 83 persons it was along with HIV infection which can make difficulty in treatment and increase the risk of MDR. These results show the important role of control and treatment of TB in prisons

Molecular aspects of hepatocellular carcinoma caused by hepatitis C virus

The hepatitis C virus [HCV] is a small, enveloped, single-stranded positive sense RNA virus with a diameter of about 50 nm belonging to the Hepacivirus genus of the family Flaviviridae. The HCV genome is translated to produce a single protein of around 3011 amino acids. This "polyprotein" is then proteolytically processed by viral and cellular proteases to produce structural [core protein, envelope glycoproteins E1 and E2, ARFP/F protein, p7] and nonstructural [NS2-3 autoprotease, NS3-4A, NS4B, NS5A, NS5B] proteins. Hepatocellular carcinoma [HCC] is one of the most frequent malignant tumors worldwide, with increasing incidence. It is estimated that approximately 300-400 thousands of people in the IRAN and 4 million in the United States are persistently infected. It is important for tumor control to identify the factors that predispose patients to death. A large number of molecular factors have been shown to associate with the invasiveness of HCC, and have potential prognostic significance