ABSTRACT
Statement of the Problem: The first step towards appropriately planning orthodontic treatment and prevention services is to understand the needs and demands of the target population. However, this is ignored in most developing countries
Purpose: This study aims to evaluate the attitudes of patients in Fars province towards travelling to the provincial capital [Shiraz] to receive orthodontic treatments
Materials and Method: This cross-sectional study randomly selected 420 patients referring to two public and four private orthodontic centers in Shiraz, coming from other regions of Fars province. The patients were interviewed about their demographic status, residing area and the reasons of deciding to receive orthodontic treatment in Shiraz. Data were analyzed by SPSS software, using Chi-square and ANOVA statistical tests
Results: The response rate was 96% [N=403]. Near half of the patients [176; 43.7%] lived 100-200km, and 80 [19.9%] patients lived farther than 200km from Shiraz. Having no orthodontist [54.8%] and no dentist providing orthodontic treatment [39.2%] in their region were the most important factors bringing the patients to provincial capital for orthodontic treatments. High costs of treatment in their home county and hoping to receive treatment of higher quality were the other important motives for lower and higher socio-economic backgrounds, respectively. Friends'/relatives' recommendation was a more important factor in patients using public clinics for choosing their therapist, while referral from dentists was more important for patients going to private clinics. The patients who lived in counties farther than 200km from Shiraz were more concerned about quality of treatment results than those who lived closer [p= 0.010]
Conclusion: A multifactorial approach is needed to provide the desired orthodontic services for people in Fars province so that they would not need to travel to the capital for such treatments
ABSTRACT
Statement of the Problem: Hydrogen peroxide [H[2]O[2]] has been suggested to be used in sequence or in combination with chlorhexidine [CHX] to enhance the antibacterial activity against Enterococcus faecalis, but there is no research in the literature on the safety and effectiveness of this irrigation protocol
Purpose: This study aimed to assess the cytocompatibility and antibacterial activity of different concentrations of CHX combined with H[2]O[2] in comparison with the activity of 5.25 and 2.5% sodium hypochlorite [NaOCl]
Materials and Method: Different concentrations of H[2]O[2] [10, 5, 3 and 1%] were exposed to the PDL cells. Then, the solution with minimal cytotoxicity was selected [3% H[2]O[2]]. The cytocompatibility and antibacterial activity of 0.1, 0.2, 1 and 2% CHX combined with 3% H[2]O[2] were evaluated and compared with 5.25 and 2.5% NaOCl. The differences in the mean viability of PDL cells were evaluated by one-way ANOVA. Kruskal-Wallis and post-hoc Dunn's tests were adopted to compare the antibacterial activity of the solutions against E.faecalis
Results: The viability of PDL cells was lower when treated with 5.25 or 2.5% NaOCl than all combinations of CHX and H[2]O[2]. There was no significant difference in the antibacterial activity of the solutions against E.faecalis, except for the 0.1% CHX + 3% H[2]O[2] combination, which had significantly lower efficacy than other groups
Conclusion: All combinations of CHX and H[2]O[2] [used in this study] except 0.1% CHX + 3% H[2]O[2] were efficient irrigants against planktonic E.faecalis and had a better cytocompatibility with PDL cells than 5.25 and 2.5% NaOCl
ABSTRACT
The preparation of the root canal space includes debridement, shaping and apical preparation. These procedures are challenging and constitute. The recent introduction of automated techniques for canal preparation has created considerable interest. The aim of this study was to test shaping ability of one hand instrumentation [passive step-back technique] and new rotary NiTi system [Mtwo instrumentation] in curved root canals. A total number of 40 curved molars selected for this in vitro study, 20 canals for each group. The mean of canal curvature in studied groups was similar. After preparation of access cavity, samples were divided into two groups. A custom made block was used for standardization of radiograph beam angel before and after preparation. In group 1, samples instrumented with passive step-back technique using stainless steel K-file, Gates Glidden and Pesso reamers. Mtwo NiTi rotary file and Endo IT power driven motor were used for instrumentation of samples in group 2. Transportation of canals curvature [loss of primary curvature] after canal preparation was assessed for each sample with the aid of AutoCAD 2007 software. Stereomicroscope provided data for measurement of changes in working length after canal preparation. The mean of changes in canals curvature [canal transportation] and mean of working length changes in group 1 [passive step-back technique] were 11.77 degree and 0.202 mm [P