ABSTRACT
Cervical cancer is one of the most common tumors in women. One of its risk factors is direct contact with viruses, in particular human papillomavirus [HPV]. Recent studies have shown a prevalence of 2%-35% for HPV in cases with bladder cancer. In addition, some malignancies of the urogenital organs in males may promote the probability of cervical cancer in their spouses. In this study, the relationship between cervical dysplasia in women and evidence of HPV infection in tissue specimens obtained from their spouses' bladders has been investigated. This cross-sectional study was conducted on 82 male patients with bladder tumors and their spouses between February 2004 and February 2007 in Tehran. We gathered data related to the histopathology of the transitional cell carcinoma [TCC] in men and Pap smear tests of their spouses. Tissue specimens of patients with bladder TCC were analyzed for HPV infection using polymerase chain reaction [POR]. HPV-positive specimens were tested for subtypes 16 and 18. In 24 [29.3%] men, bladder tumor samples were positive for HPV infection. Of these, we found HPV-18 infection in 9 [37.5%], while 3 [12.5%] were infected with HPV-16. In the spouses of those men with HPV-infected bladder tumors, 4 [4.9%] cases had cellular dysplasia noted on their Pap smear tests. We found no dysplasia in those women whose husbands had bladder TCC, but no HPV infection [P = 0.006]. It is possible to decrease the incidence of bladder TCC in men and cervical cancer in women through public education regarding the methods of transmission and avoidance of risky sexual behaviors
ABSTRACT
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of immediate intravesical instillation of mitomycin C after transurethral resection of bladder tumor [TURBT] in patients with low-risk superficial transitional cell carcinoma [TCC]. A total of 43 patients with low-risk superficial bladder cancer were randomly assigned into two groups after the surgery; 22 patients in group 1 were treated by immediate instillation of mitomycin C after TURBT, and 21 patients in group 2 received placebo. The two groups were compared using urine cytology and cystoscopy during the 24 postoperative months. Recurrence within the first 3 months was reported in none of the patients in group 1 and 5 in group 2 [P = .02]. Of these, 4 had recurrence of tumor in the primary site. At 12 and 24 months, there were 1 patient [4.5%] in group 1 and 8 [38.1%] in group 2 with recurrence [P = .007]. We had no patients with multifocal recurrence in group 1, but 3 [14.2%] in group 2. Nine-month tumor-free survival rate was 95% in group 1. Three-, 6-, 9-, and 12-month tumor-free survival rates in group 2 were 76%, 71%, 66%, and 62%, respectively [P = .007]. None of the patients in group 1 and 3 in group 2 [14.3%] experienced some degrees of tumor progression [P = .06]. Immediate instillation of mitomycin C after TURBT seems to be effective in the recurrence reduction and increase of recurrence-free interval at least in short term