ABSTRACT
Probiotics are live microorganisms, which if administered in adequate amounts,have beneficial effects on host health. Probioticsreduces the risk of developing diseases in the consumers through prevention of the immunosuppressive effects. The present study was performed with the purpose of comparing the effect of probiotic supplementation on the immune response in male athletes, before and after exhaustive exercise. In a double-blind study, 16 male athlete volunteers aged between 19-25 years were assigned into two groups of experimental and placebo. Subjects of the experimental and placebo respectively tooktwo capsules of probiotic or placebo daily for 30 days. Blood samples of the participants were collected at the beginning and on the 30th day, and the numbers of lymphocytes, monocytes, granulocytes, serum CRP, and serum IgA were measured. Data were analyzed using repeated measurement method and independent t-test. Consumption of probiotics supplement in the rest levels in the intragroup and intergroup comparison,only showed significant difference [p<0.05] in the monocytes levels compared to base line level.Also, after the exhaustive exercise, a statistically significant difference was observed in the levels of monocytes, granulocytes, and lymphocytes compared to the baseline levels. In the comparison between the probiotic and placebo groups, only the monocytes level were significantly different [p<0.05]. Other variables had nosignificant differences. The results of this study showed that probiotic consumption following exhaustive exercise can cause increase infactors of lymphocyte, monocyte, and geranolocyte, thereforeit seems that probiotics play a role in the development of immune system.
ABSTRACT
An investigation of puberty on corrective exercise effectiveness on school girls. 64 lumbar lordotic school girls were included [10 and 17 years old] that randomly divided into two groups: experimental [32 persons] and control [32 persons]. The experimental groups performed corrective exercise for 8 weeks. Lumbar curved was measured by flexible ruler. Two way ANOVA test was applied on the data. The corrective exercise reduced lumbar curve of prepuberal and pubertal girls [p<0.05]. Corrective exercises had significant effect on increased lumbar lordosis specially after puberty
ABSTRACT
Among the trophic factors in CNS, the role of neurotrophins for their multiple actions is more pronounced. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of two weeks light aerobic running on protein levels of Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor [BDNF] and the specific receptor of TrkB, relying on the more transparent role of exercise on synaptic and neurogenerative modification. This experimental study was conducted with the animal model. Twelve adult male wistar rats, 8 weeks of age, were selected as subjects [with mean body weight of 200-225 gr]. The animals were randomly divided into 2 groups of control [n=6] and runner [n=6]. In runner group, animals were allowed to run on treadmill at a speed of 12 m/min daily for 30 minutes for 2 weeks. Twenty four hours after the last session of exercise, the animals were sacrificed and the hippocampus of both sides of hemisphere removed. Changes in protein levels were determined with ELISA technique. Statistical analysis by independent sample t test showed that between the runner and control groups there was a significant difference [p?0.05] statistically and running significantly increased the protein levels of BDNF and TrkB in the hippocampus of rats. Increase in these factors shows the effect of exercise as a positive moderating factor in the growth and survival of neuronal and synaptic plasticity
ABSTRACT
Heart rate recovery [HRR] after exercise test and resting heart rate are shown to be important predicitive risk factors for cardiovascular and all-cause mortality in individuals with CVD. Therefore the purpose of this study is comparison of the effects of selected aerobic continues and interval exercise training on resting heart rate and heart rate recovery after 1,2 and 3 minutes in POST CABG patients. Twenty four POST CABG patients [22 men, 2 women with mean age: 57.04 +/- 8.42 and mean BMI: 27.17 +/- 2.98 kg/m2] were divided to a selected aerobic continues training, 30-60 min and intensity of 70-85% of HR maximum [n=12] and an aerobic interval training with three interval [9- 15 min], 27-45 min and intensity of 75-90% of HR maximum [n=12]. They perform the exercise protocols three times per week for 8 weeks. Result of pair T test showed, there are significant differences between pre and post resting heart rate after continues and interval training [respectively, p=0.034, p=0.013]. Continues and interval exercise training have significant effects on heart rate recovery in 1,2 and three minutes after exercise [continues; tl: p=0.049, t2: p=0.033, t3: p=0.005. interval; tl: p=0.033, t2: p=0.038, T3: p=0.018]. Also there are not any significant differences between the effect of continues and interval exercise training on resting heart rate [p-0.311] HRR [tl:0.181, t2: 0.885, t3:953] after program. Both continuous and interval exercise training program improves resting heart rate and HRR minute's 1,2 and 3 in Post CABG patients and there are not any significant differences between two methods. This indicates the positive effects of exercise training on vageus tone and autonomic nervous system