ABSTRACT
Objectives@#Considering the importance of social determinants of health (SDHs) in promoting the health of residents of informal settlements and their diversity, abundance, and breadth, this study aimed to identify, measure, and rank SDHs for health promotion interventions targeting informal settlement residents in a metropolitan area in Iran. @*Methods@#Using a hybrid method, this study was conducted in 3 phases from 2019 to 2020. SDHs were identified by reviewing studies and using the Delphi method. To examine the SDHs among informal settlement residents, a cross-sectional analysis was conducted using researcher-made questionnaires. Multilayer perceptron analysis using an artificial neural network was used to rank the SDHs by priority. @*Results@#Of the 96 determinants identified in the first phase of the study, 43 were examined, and 15 were identified as high-priority SDHs for use in health-promotion interventions for informal settlement residents in the study area. They included individual health literacy, nutrition, occupational factors, housing-related factors, and access to public resources. @*Conclusions@#Since identifying and addressing SDHs could improve health justice and mitigate the poor health status of settlement residents, ranking these determinants by priority using artificial intelligence will enable policymakers to improve the health of settlement residents through interventions targeting the most important SDHs.
ABSTRACT
Objectives@#Given the importance of social determinants of health in promoting the health of slum residents, this study was conducted with the aim of identifying the main dimensions and components of these determinants. @*Methods@#This scoping review study was conducted according to the PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews). A comprehensive search was performed of PubMed, ProQuest, Scopus, and Web of Science for articles conducted from 2010 to the end of 2019. Studies were selected based on inclusion criteria, with a special focus on studies dealing with the social determinants of physical and mental health or illness. @*Results@#Thirty-three articles were selected to extract information on the social determinants of health. After reviewing the articles,7 main dimensions (housing, socioeconomic status of the family, nutrition, neighborhood characteristics, social support and social capital, occupational factors, and health behaviors) and 87 components were extracted as social determinants of health among slum dwellers. @*Conclusions@#This framework could be used by planners, managers, and policy-makers when making decisions affecting the health of these settlements’ residents due to the common characteristics of slums around the world, especially in developing countries.
ABSTRACT
Objectives@#Given the importance of social determinants of health in promoting the health of slum residents, this study was conducted with the aim of identifying the main dimensions and components of these determinants. @*Methods@#This scoping review study was conducted according to the PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews). A comprehensive search was performed of PubMed, ProQuest, Scopus, and Web of Science for articles conducted from 2010 to the end of 2019. Studies were selected based on inclusion criteria, with a special focus on studies dealing with the social determinants of physical and mental health or illness. @*Results@#Thirty-three articles were selected to extract information on the social determinants of health. After reviewing the articles,7 main dimensions (housing, socioeconomic status of the family, nutrition, neighborhood characteristics, social support and social capital, occupational factors, and health behaviors) and 87 components were extracted as social determinants of health among slum dwellers. @*Conclusions@#This framework could be used by planners, managers, and policy-makers when making decisions affecting the health of these settlements’ residents due to the common characteristics of slums around the world, especially in developing countries.
ABSTRACT
Background: The hospitals and medical centers' staff are always exposed to stressful working conditions that threat their physical, psychological and social health but also reduced organizational efficiency and lead to exorbitant costs for individuals, organizations and the entire society. The spiritual intelligence play an important role in enhancing capacity and various pressures, so the purpose of the present study was to determine the relationship between the spiritual intelligence and burnout in staff of Imam Reza hospital of Mashhad .
Methods and materials: This cross-sectional study conducted in 2013 on 246 employees of Imam Reza hospital in Mashhad who were enrolled in a simple random sampling design. Were applied to gather the related data, The King Standardized spiritual intelligence questionnaire as well as Maslash Standardized occupational burnout questionnaire. The collected data were analyzed through Spss16, t - test, Anova and Pearson correlation coefficient. The error rate of %5 was considered acceptable.
Results: Spiritual intelligence in staff was at moderate to high and job burnout was moderate. There was found a significant negative Correlation between the spiritual intelligence and occupational burnout in the staff of Imam Reza hospital [r = -0.239 and p-value = 0.001]
Conclusion: Systems' managers can identify and improve the components of spiritual intelligence of their staff through various approaches such as improving the training systems as well as providing the contexts in which the spiritual intelligence of their staff can be developed.