ABSTRACT
Excessive gingival display is an esthetic issue that is commonly managed by different procedures. Lip repositioning is a modality to address concerns of affected patients. The aim of this review was to investigate the scientific evidence on outcomes and long-term stability of lip repositioning surgery with or without myotomy. The electronic search was conducted in three databases: MEDLINE, Embase, and the Cochrane Library up to October 2019.No publication status, language, or time restrictions were applied. The electronic search was complemented by a manual search of the reference lists.Three hundred thirty-eight studies were screened by title, and 16 articles remained for data extraction. The included studies assessed the lip repositioning procedure in 144 patients aged between 15-59 years (134 females and 10 males). Based on the available data, lip repositioning with myotomy/muscle containment can be a successful treatment for minor discrepancies in gingival display in selected cases. However, further well-organized controlled clinical trials are recommended to derive a conclusion about the long-term stability compared with other alternatives.
ABSTRACT
Microbial plaque is the main cause of periodontal disease. Production of free oxygen radicals is an immune system mechanism to destroy invading microorganisms which per se results in further destruction of periodontal tissues. The present study sought to assess the efficacy of anti-oxidant application [vitamin E] as an adjuvant treatment following scaling and root planning in periodontal patients. For this randomized clinical trial 10 patients aged 30 to 50 years suffering from moderate to severe periodontitis with no systemic disease were selected. After scaling and root planning, 5% vitamin E for one side and placebo for the opposite side were poured in a maxillary custom tray and placed inside the mouth. Type of treatment did not have a significant effect on the understudy factors. However, time had a significant effect on the majority of indices. Healing was significantly better at week 4 following initiation of treatment compared to week 2. The values in proximal and radicular sites were -0.151, p=0.002 and -0.31, p=0.001 for pocket depth, -0.217, p=0.002 and -0.401, p=0.001 for CAL, -4.188, p=0.001 and -0.391, p=0.272 for BOP and -0.219, p=0.05 for GI, respectively. The present study showed that the effect of time was greater than the type of treatment on improvement of indices
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Dental Scaling , Dental Pulp Cavity , Vitamin E , AntioxidantsABSTRACT
We sought to answer the questions about the role of inflammatory factors in the formation of pathological lesions in the endothelium of the coronary vessels and also the role of host-based bacteria, including chronic periodontitis, in the clot formation in the blood vessels, all of which destabilize the atherosclerotic plaque. This case-control study was done on 40 patients who underwent elective coronary artery bypass grafting surgery [CABG] with the need of coronary endarterectomy. In Group A, patients had chronic periodontitis and group B consisted of patients without it. Both groups were well matched regarding their demographic data. The subgingival plaque was collected by a sterile curette from periodontal pockets >/= 5mm and CAL >/= 4mm. Also, atherosclerotic plaque was collected during the coronary endarterectomy surgery from all of the 40 patients. The specimens were assessed using the PCR technique to detect the specific bacteria responsible for chronic periodontitis such as actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans [Aa], prevotella intermedia [Pi], porphyromonas gingivalis [Pg], Tanerella forsythensis [Tf], Treponema denticola [Td], and fusobacterium nucleatum [Fn]. In the atherosclerotic plaque of group A patients, Aa was identified in 18 [90%], Pg in 16 [80%], Tf in 13[65%],Td in 11 [55%], Pi in 10 [50%], and Fn in 6 [30%] specimens, whereas in group B the incidence was significantly lower [p< 0.0001]. In the subgingival plaque of group A, Aa and Tf were found in all 20 individuals and Pg, Pi, Td and Fn were identified in 19 specimens [95%]. The differences in the incidence of Aa and Pg in two plaque samples were not significant, but the two plaque samples showed significant differences regarding the incidence of the other pathogens [Pi: p<0.001, Tf: p<0.008, Td: p<0.003 and Fn :p<0.0001]. In the present study, the same organisms were found in both coronary atherosclerotic and subgingival plaques. The findings support the potential role of the periodontopathogenic bacteria species in some steps of the atherosclerotic process as a contributor that worsens this disease. However, further studies are required to achieve more definite results regarding the role of periodontal diseases in the atherosclerotic disease, focusing on patients' background variables