ABSTRACT
Aim of the Study: was to investigate the influence of phacoemulsification on corneal endothelial cells and its injury risk factors in diabetic cataract patients and non-diabetic patients
Methods: Electronic databases were searched: Scopus, EMBASE, and Google Scholer], PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, The Cochrane Library, and Web of Science. Econlit from 1990 to 2017. This was completed with a manual search of references of relevant papers. Risk of bias in methodology of studies was measured using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale
Results: Observation of corneal endothelial cell density, coefficient of variation and percentage of hexagonal cells preoperatively, 1 day, 1week, 1 and 3 months postoperatively was carried out, and multiple Logistic regression analysis for risk factors of corneal endothelial cell injury was taken
Results: Out of 779 retrieved papers, 9 studies with a total of 1129 individuals were finally included [579 diabetic eyes and 550 non-diabetic eyes]. For the dynamic changes between preoperative and postoperative values, significant differences were identified between the two groups in endothelial cell density [ECD] and hexagon cells [HC%] at 1 day, 1 week, 1 month, and 3 months postoperatively, in central corneal thickness [CCT] at 1 month postoperatively, and in coefficient variation [CV] at 1 week and 1 month postoperatively. However, no significant differences were observed in CCT at 1 day, 1 week and 3 months postoperatively or in CV at 1 day and 3 months postoperatively
Conclusion: It could be concluded from the current literature that aged-cataract patients with diabetes mellitus manifested poor tolerability to cataract phacoemulsification surgery in contrast to senile cataract patients
ABSTRACT
Background: Surgeons are regularly not involved in the post discharge care of patients after uncomplicated laparoscopic cholecystectomy. The purpose of the current study was to document the symptomatic recovery of patients following laparoscopic cholecystectomy, because this has a bearing on the planning of a postoperative care package
Methods: The study was designed as a postoperative telephone questionnaire survey and was carried out prospectively between June2016 and February2017 in King Abdulaziz Hospital, KSA
Results: The study cohort comprised 51 patients who all completed the study. Postoperatively, only 3% of the patients had postoperative nausea/vomiting lasting >/=2 days. Pain was symptomatic in 12% of patients. Port-site wounds were a source of significant symptoms in 69% of the patients. Postoperative reviews by a nurse and primary-care doctor were necessary in 76% and 34% patients, respectively, with a combined average of 3.1 reviews per patient. Less than 4% of patients believed that they would benefit from a surgeon's review 6 weeks after LC. Median time taken to return to routine preoperative activity after surgery was 21 days [IQR, 16 to 33], which was affected by the degree of activity undertaken, wound-related symptoms persisting for >/=3 weeks, planned follow-up clinic appointment, and discharge as an outpatient
Conclusion: Wound-related symptoms are common after LC, require substantial input from the community health service in their management, and may delay return to preoperative routine
ABSTRACT
Background: despite the improvements in the health care education of management in KSA, the prevalence of tuberculosis remains alarming
Objectives: evaluation of the knowledge, attitude and practice among Saudi population regarding pulmonary tuberculosis [TB] in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia [KSA]
Methods: a multi-center community cross sectional study was assessed among random sample of 2056 adult Saudi subjects from different regions in KSA. All participants filled out a questionnaire that included questions about demographics, awareness, attitude and practice about pulmonary tuberculosis
Results: most of participants [76.8%] had general knowledge about TB disease and only 23.2% haven't heard about TB before. The majority of Saudi adult [74.9%] have inadequate knowledge about TB and only 25.1% have good knowledge regarding TB. The attitude of respondents about TB was negative among most of them while most of participants had a good practice level but it needs to be increased. There was a significant association between young age and high educational degree with good knowledge about TB
Conclusion: KAP of Saudi population toward TB seems to be facing some challenges in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The awareness, attitude and practice need to be significantly evaluated in different studies to improve control policies for reducing the disease incidence in our society. The prevention of TB and management are based on good knowledge and education of Saudi population thus the health authorities should intensify efforts and arranging specific educational programs about the disease and the consequences of spreading infection among large sector of the population . Also, means of discovery, medication should receive special attention by the governmental medical authorities
ABSTRACT
Genetic association studies have demonstrated that over 100 variants in target genes [including ADAM33] are associated with airway remodeling and hyper-responsiveness in different ethnic groups; however, this has never been evaluated in Arabic populations. The objective of this study was to determine whether ADAM33 polymorphisms that are associated with asthma in a population of asthmatic children from Saudi Arabia. A cross-sectional pilot study comparing the polymorphisms of normal subjects and asthmatic patients from Saudi Arabia over a period of 1 year. One hundred and seven Saudi asthmatic children and 87 healthy Saudi children of 3-12 years old were assessed for allelic association of ADAM33 T1 [rs2280091], T2 [rs2280090], ST+4 [rs44707] and S1 [rs3918396] SNPs to asthma. Genotyping was done by real-time PCR, multiplex ARMS and PCR-RFLP. T1 and T2 SNP genotype frequencies in asthmatic children were significantly different compared to controls [P<.05], indicating allelic association with asthma. The T1 A/G and G/G and the T2 A/G and A/A genotypes [P=0.0013 and P=.008, respectively] but not S1 and ST+4, increased the risk of asthma when using the best fit dominant model. Strong linkage disequilibrium between T1 [rs2280091] and T2 [rs2280090] was observed [r2=0.83; D'=0.95; P<.001]. The haplotype G-A-A-C was significantly more frequent in asthmatics, thus supporting the association of T1 G-allele and T2 A-allele with increased predisposition to asthma [P=.007]. T1 A/G and T2 G/A ADAM33 polymorphisms, but not S1 or ST+4, were significantly associated with asthma development in Saudi children, like those reported for white and Hispanic population in the United States