ABSTRACT
Background: A good social environment is a key strategy to improve the level of education and achievement in medical college students. However, survey data from Jeddah, Saudi Arabia have indicated that a large number of medical students are affected negatively by their social status. This article comparatively explores the impact of four main factors: Social class/Background, Students' Personality, Health Status, and Psychological health on their achievement. Data were collected as part of a program of qualitative and quantitative research investigating the prevalence of bad environment effect on the psychological level of the students
Objectives: To study the four main factors Social class/Background, Students' Personality, Health Status, and Psychological health affecting academic achievement among Female Students at Ibn Sina National College
Methods: The study was conducted among 1315 female students attending colleges of Ibn Sina-Jeddah-Saudi Arabia between 1[st] of April - 31[th] of May 2016. An open-ended questionnaire was developed to cover the objectives
Conclusion: After assessment of the factors and variables across the targeted sites about the academic achievement were often conclude that overall achievement were very good regardless the factor
ABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the prevalence of bovine group A rotavirus (GARV) and bovine coronavirus (BCoV) in diarrheic feces from calves and the sensitive's parameters such as age group and sex.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Feces samples from 82 diarrheic dairy calves from farms around Tiaret (Western Algeria) were collected. These samples were tested by ELISA assay.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The results showed that the prevalence of rotavirus and coronavirus infection are 14.63% (12.2% alone and 2.43% associated with bovine coronavirus) and 20.73% (18.3% alone and 2.43% associated with GARV), respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The present study demonstrates that the both BCoV and GARV are involved in the neonatal calves' diarrhea, where the frequency of BCoV is clearly higher than that of GARV.</p>
ABSTRACT
A Ventriculoperitoneal [VP] shunt infection is a cause of significant morbidity causing shunt malfunction and chronic ill health. This study was carried out to detect the causative pathogens associated with VP shunt infections, to assess the frequency of Coagulase negative Staphylococci [CoNS] as well as study their phenotypic resistance pattern to methicillin and different aminoglycosides [AGs], and genotypic pattern for gene encoding aminoglycosides modifying enzymes [AMEs] by multiplex PCR. This study was carried out in Medical Microbiology and Immunology and Neurosurgery Departments, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University during the period from June 2008 to June 2010. During this period 240 shunt procedures were carried on 175 infants and children with hydrocephalus. CoNS were identified using standard microbiological laboratory techniques. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed using disc diffusion method with 4 aminoglycosides and methicillin. Multiplex PCR assay was used to identify AMEs encoding genes. 58 out of 240 shunt procedures cases showed shunt infections, [64%] caused by CoNS, [28%] by Gram negative rods [5%] by Staph aureus and [3%] by candida. 26 [70%] of CoNS isolates were methicillin resistant [MRCoNS]. 25 [67.5%] isolates of CoNS were resistant to at least one of the tested AGs and the highest resistance was to gentamicin and tobramycin [67.5%] for both followed by amikacin [27%] and streptomycin [19%]. As regard results of multiplex PCR aac [6'] le+aph [2' '] gene encoding for the bifunctional enzyme was the most common [54%] followed by ant[4]la gene encoding for the ANT[4'] - la enzyme [46%] and the aph [3']-llla gene encoding APH[3'] - Illa enzyme [40.5%]. In conclusion this study increased our knowledge about the causative pathogens of VP shunt infections, the phenotypic pattern of CoNS susceptibility to different AGs and the distribution of AMEs encoding genes in relation to methicillin susceptibility. The usage of appropriate antibiotic according to antimicrobial susceptibility testing at the probable time and the removal of the shunt apparatus are essential for successful treatment of VP shunt infection. Continued surveillance at both phenotypic and genotypic levels are recommended for monitoring the presence of other variant of the genes or new AGs resistance genes that may be produced within CoNS population