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ABSTRACT Introduction: Immune dysfunction and thrombocytopenia are common features in liver cirrhosis. Platelet transfusion is the most widely used therapeutic approach for thrombocytopenia when indicated. The transfused platelets are prone to lesions during their storage that empower their interaction with the recipient leucocyte. These interactions modulate the host immune response. The impact of platelet transfusion on the immune system in cirrhotic patients is little understood. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the impact of platelet transfusion on neutrophil function in cirrhotic patients. Methods: This prospective cohort study was implemented on 30 cirrhotic patients receiving platelet transfusion and 30 healthy individuals as a control group. EDTA blood samples were collected from cirrhotic patients before and after an elective platelet transfusion. Flowcytometric analysis of neutrophil functions (CD11b expression and PCN formation) was performed. Results: There was a significant increase in expression of CD11b on neutrophils and Frequency of platelet-complexed neutrophils (PCN) in patients with cirrhosis compared with controls. Platelet transfusion increased level of CD11b and the frequency of PCN even more. There was a significant positive correlation between change in PCN Frequency pefore and after transfusion and the change in expression of CDllb among cirrhotic patients. Conclusions: Elective platelet transfusion appears to increase level of PCN in cirrhotic patients, moreover, exacerbate the expression of activation marker CDllb on both neutrophils and PCN. More research and studies are needed to corroborate our preliminary findings.
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Introduction: Food addiction [FA] is a new terminology that uses the similarities between the craving for food and drug addiction. The Yale Food Addiction Scale [YFAS] is a recently developed tool that assesses the various symptomatology of FA and diagnoses FA when there are 3 symptoms with clinically significant functional impairment
As Egypt is one of the highest African countries in obesity prevalence, this study aimed at assessment of the presence of FA in a representative sample of Egyptian adolescents and to compare this new diagnosis to binge eating which has some common features with FA particularly loss of control eating, in order to define the true magnitude of the problem and explore the relationship between both so that preventive measures could be planned to combat the rapidly rising obesity prevalence
Subjects and methods: A cross section study using a stratified random sampling technique was conducted on 401 adolescents aged 11-18 years chosen from public, distinguished governmental and private schools
All participants had their weight and height measured with calculation of the body mass index and were interviewed to fill in the Binge Eating Scale [BES] and the Yale Food Addiction Scale [YFAS]
Results: The study included 221 females [55.1%] and 180 males [49.9%]. Their mean age was 13.98 +/-1.93 years. Clinical BE was present in 77 adolescents [19.2%]. FA was diagnosed in 81 subjects [20.2%]. Each of BE and FA showed significant differences in the different weight categories. Significant relationships were found between the various symptoms of FA and the scoring of the BE scale
Conclusion: This study proved a reconciliation between BE and FA in a non-clinical sample of Egyptian adolescents
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Male , Child , Adolescent , Obesity/diet therapy , Craving , Cross-Sectional Studies , Binge-Eating Disorder , AdolescentABSTRACT
Two marine endophytic bacteria were isolated from the Red Sea algae; a red alga; Acanthophora dendroides and the brown alga Sargassum sabrepandum. The isolates were identified based on their 16SrRNA sequences as Bacterium SRCnm and Bacillus sp. JS. The objective of this study was to investigate the potential anti-microbial and antioxidant activities of the extracts of the isolated bacteria grown in different nutrient conditions. Compared to amoxicillin [25micro g/disk] and erythromycin [15micro g/disk], the extracts of Bacterium SRCnm in media II, III, IV and V were potent inhibitors of the gram-positive bacterium Sarcina maxima even at low concentrations. Also, the multidrug resistant Staphylococcus aureus [MRSA] was more sensitive to the metabolites produced in medium [II] of the same endophyte than erythromycin [15micro g/disk]. A moderate activity of the Bacillus sp. JS extracts of media I and II was obtained against the same pathogen. The total compounds [500ug/ml] of both isolated endophytes showed moderate antioxidant activities [48.9% and 46.1%, respectively]. LC/MS analysis of the bacterial extracts was carried out to investigate the likely natural products produced. Cyclo[D-cis-Hyp-L-Leu], dihydrosphingosine and 2-Amino-1,3- hexadecanediol were identified in the fermentation medium of Bacterium SRCnm, whereas cyclo [D-Pro-L-Tyr] and cyclo [L-Leu-L-Pro] were the suggested compounds of Bacillus sp. JS
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A spectrophotometric procedure -was developed for determination of cefepime depending on the complexation of the drug with Hg[2][NO[3]]2 in acid medium [pH 3.5] and measuring the absorbance at 263 nm. Different variables affecting the reaction were studied and optimized. Under the optimized conditions, linear relationship with good correlation coefficient [0.999] was found between the absorbance and the concentration in the range of 3.65-40 microg ml[1] . The limits of detection and quantitation were 1.20 and 3.65 microg mt[1] respectively. The stoichiometry of the reaction was studied using Yoe and Jones method and was found to be 1:2 ratio for cefepime: Hg [I]. The method was successfully applied for determination of cefepime in its vial with average percentage recovery of 98.95 +/- 1.079. The results were favorably compared with those of reference method. The IR study of the formed complex was done and different probabilities of the formed complexes were suggested