ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the protective role of Cardiospermum halicacabum (C. halicacabum) leaf extract on glycoprotein metabolism in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats.@*METHODS@#Diabetes was induced in male albino Wistar rats by intraperitonial administration of STZ. The C. halicacabum leaf extract (CHE) was administered orally to normal and STZ-diabetic rats for 45 days. The effects of C. halicacabum leaf extract (CHE) on plasma and tissue glycoproteins (hexose, hexosamine, fucose and sialic acid) were determined.@*RESULTS@#The levels of plasma and tissues glycoproteins containing hexose, hexosamine and fucose were significantly increased in STZ-induced diabetic rats. In addition, the level of sialic acid significantly increased in plasma and liver while decreased in kidney of STZ-induced diabetic rats. After administration of CHE to diabetic rats, the metabolic alteration of glycoprotein reverted towards normal levels.@*CONCLUSIONS@#The present study indicates that the CHE possesses a protective effect on abnormal glycoprotein metabolism in addition to its antihyperglycemic activity.
Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Rats , Analysis of Variance , Blood Glucose , Carbohydrate Metabolism , Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental , Blood , Drug Therapy , Metabolism , Fucose , Blood , Metabolism , Glycoproteins , Metabolism , Hexosamines , Blood , Metabolism , Hexoses , Blood , Metabolism , Hyperglycemia , Blood , Drug Therapy , Metabolism , Kidney , Chemistry , Metabolism , Liver , Chemistry , Metabolism , N-Acetylneuraminic Acid , Blood , Metabolism , Plant Extracts , Pharmacology , Plant Leaves , Chemistry , Protective Agents , Pharmacology , Rats, Wistar , Sapindaceae , ChemistryABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the antihyperlipidemic effect of crude ethanolic extract of Melothria maderaspatana (M. maderaspatana) leaf (CEEM) on deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA)-salt hypertensive rats.@*METHODS@#A midscapular incision was made on each rat and the left kidney was excised after ligation of the renal artery. The surgical wound was closed using an absorbable suture. After one week recovery period, hypertension was induced by subcutaneous injection of DOCA-salt solution, twice a week, and the rats received a 1% sodium chloride solution as drinking water throughout the experimental period. CEEM or nifedipine was administered orally once a day for 6 weeks.@*RESULTS@#In DOCA-salt hypertensive rats, the level of plasma and tissues of total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), free fatty acids (FFA) and phospholipids (PL) significantly increased and administration of CEEM significantly reduced these parameters towards normality. Further, the levels of low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) and very low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (VLDL-C) significantly increased while high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) decreased in hypertensive rats and administration of CEEM brought these parameters to normality which proved their antihyperlipidemic action. Histopathology of liver, kidney and heart on DOCA-salt induced rats treated with CEEM showed reduced the damages towards normal histology.@*CONCLUSIONS@#These findings provided evidence that CEEM was found to be protecting the liver, kidney and heart against DOCA-salt administration and the protective effect could attribute to its antihyperlipidemic activities.
Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Rats , Cholesterol , Metabolism , Cucurbitaceae , Desoxycorticosterone , Toxicity , Ethanol , Pharmacology , Fatty Acids, Nonesterified , Metabolism , Hyperlipidemias , Blood , Drug Therapy , Hypertension , Blood , Hypolipidemic Agents , Pharmacology , Mineralocorticoids , Toxicity , Phospholipids , Metabolism , Phytotherapy , Methods , Plant Extracts , Pharmacology , Plant Leaves , Random Allocation , Rats, Wistar , Sodium Chloride, Dietary , Triglycerides , MetabolismABSTRACT
The aim of the study was to assess the dietary intake of flavonoids and their effect on serum lipid levels in Saudi patients with coronary heart disease [CHD]. A cross-sectional study with a sample of 50 CHD patients and 50 controls. A 24-hour recall method was used to collect data on the dietary intake of macronutrients, flavonoids, and antioxidant vitamins. A food frequency questionnaire [FFQ] was used to collect data on habitual consumption during the year preceding the interview. Baseline data collection included medical history, anthropometric measurements, physical activity, and smoking status. CHD patients showed significantly less intake of fruits and vegetables compared to the controls. Serum lipids including total cholesterol [TC] triglycerides [TG] and low density lipoproteins [LDL] were found to be significantly higher in CHD patients than in the controls. The main sources offiavonoids in a typical Saudi diet are tea, fruits [apples], vegetables [onions], and chocolate. The intake offiavonoids and antioxidant vitamins was significantly lower in CHD patients compared to the controls. A negative correlation between the dietary intake of different flavonoids and serum LDL was observed in CHD patients. Significant correlation was found between the intake offlavonol and waist to hip ratio. The findings of the study support a potential protective effect of dietary flavonoids in relation to CHD, The study showed that consuming more Flavonoids may have positive effect on lowering blood lipids