ABSTRACT
Infertility affects nearly 15 per cent of all couples within the reproductive age worldwide, with about 50 per cent being exhibited in the male, called male factor infertility. Successful reproduction is dependent on sperm chromatin integrity. Spermatozoa are highly specialized cells that aim to transmit the paternal genomic blueprint to the oocyte. The spermatozoon is regulated by redox mechanisms during its epididymal transit to acquire fertilizing ability. While, at physiological levels, the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) supports the spermatozoon to acquire its fertilizing ability, at high concentrations, it affects sperm function leading to infertility. Emerging proteomic technologies provide an opportunity to address these key issues that may solve many fertility-associated problems resulting from oxidative stress (OS). This review highlights the need for an efficient therapeutic approach to male infertility with the application of high-throughput OS-mediated proteomic technology, and also addresses the question as to whether targeting these altered sperm-specific proteins may help in designing an efficient and reversible male contraceptive.
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Brain Neoplasms/pathology , Germinoma/pathology , Humans , Male , Pineal Gland , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
Twelve patients of silent neuropathy attending the OPD of Skin and VD, VSS Medical College Hospital during 1996-1998 were taken for study. On clinical analysis 5 cases were present as silent neuropathy, 4 cases during MDT and 3 cases after completion of MDT Seventy percent of cases showed good response to systemic steroid.
ABSTRACT
Sertoli cell tumours are rare sexcord stromal tumours of testis. Malignant behaviour is observed in one tenth of such tumours. A malignant sertoli cell tumour is reported here in a 70 years old man. The tumour was of large size and showed necrosis, marked celllar pleomorphism, and mitotic figures.
Subject(s)
Aged , Humans , Male , Sertoli Cell Tumor/complications , Testicular Neoplasms/complicationsABSTRACT
Necrosis of bone marrow is a very rare condition with a prevalence ranging from 0.15 to 7 percent. It is mostly not compatible with life. We diagnosed four cases of necrotic marrow out of 830 bone marrow aspirations done in last five years of time. All were paediatric patients having peripheral pancytopenia. Three out of four patients expired within one month of diagnosis.
Subject(s)
Bone Marrow/pathology , Bone Marrow Diseases/diagnosis , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Male , Necrosis , Pancytopenia/complicationsABSTRACT
Twenty eight histologically confirmed cases of Hodgkin's disease were evaluates with regard to libido, sperm count, FSH, LH and urinary ketosteroid levels, before and during different stages of chemotherapy along with testicular biopsy on 16 cases. Decrease in libido during therapy improved following treatment, 50% cases who were oligospermic before treatment became azospermic, Serum FSH levels increased significantly (p 0.001) during the course of treatment. There was no significant change in LH and urinary ketosteroid levels (p 0.05). Testicular biopsy, normal initially, showed germ cell aplasia and absence of spermatogenesis after therapy. Drug induced testicular change leads to sterility.
Subject(s)
17-Ketosteroids/urine , Adolescent , Adult , Combined Modality Therapy , Follicle Stimulating Hormone/blood , Hodgkin Disease/metabolism , Humans , Libido , Luteinizing Hormone/blood , Male , Middle Aged , Sperm CountABSTRACT
Light and electron microscopic evaluation of chick embryo fibroblast (CEF) cell culture inoculated with graded doses (0.25, 2.5 and 25 micrograms/ml medium) of aflatoxin B1 with and without infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) was undertaken. The light microscopy revealed degeneration, detachment and necrosis of fibroblasts and multiple plaques formation in IBDV infected group without and with (0.25, 2.5 micrograms) aflatoxin B1. The cultures infected with virus, with or without 25 micrograms aflatoxin B1 showed complete detachment from glass surface. Electron microscopy of these cultures showed marked pyknotic or bizarre shaped nuclei, pronounced degenerative changes in the rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER), mitochondria and the presence of multiple vacuoles in the cytoplasm. The viruses were spherical, arrayed, complete, generally closer to nuclei and RER and indistinctly membrane bound. The viruses were either localised or scattered in the cytoplasm. Cultures containing 25 micrograms aflatoxin B1 without or infected with virus showed marked necrosis of cells. In latter group only a few viruses were seen either in infected cells or free in culture. Control cultures failed to show cytopathic changes as observed in the other three groups.
Subject(s)
Aflatoxin B1/adverse effects , Animals , Cells, Cultured , Chick Embryo , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Fibroblasts/ultrastructure , Infectious bursal disease virus/drug effects , Microscopy, Electron , Retroviridae Infections/pathologyABSTRACT
Fifteen (34.8%) of 43 patients of falciparum malaria screened for urinary abnormalities showed significant proteinuria (greater than 150 mg/24 h), haematuria (greater than 1/HPF) and casts, with or without azotaemia. Light microscopic examination of renal biopsy tissue from 12 patients revealed mesangial and endothelial proliferative change in 8, and acute tubular necrosis in one patient. Immunofluorescence showed IgM alone, or IgG and IgM along with C3, in 7 patients within the mesangium or along the capillary walls. Repeat kidney biopsy after 6 wk in 5 patients revealed no residual pathology indicating the reversible nature of the lesions.