Comparison of psychological symptoms of patients with multiple sclerosis and healthy people

Psychological and psychiatric disorders have a high frequency in multiple sclerosis (MS). However, their relationship with MS is complex and the extent to which they might be reactive to countless psychosocial factors, or symptoms resultant of the pathological process itself remains unclear. The aim of this study was to compare psychological symptoms in a group of MS patients and compared to healthy controls. The study subjects were MS patients admitted to the Farshchian hospital in Hamadan, Iran. The diagnosis was based on McDonald (2011) criteria. There were 120 patient), aged 34.5 ± 10.8 (mean ± SD) years. It was a cross sectional study. The psychological symptoms were assessed using Symptom Checklist-90 (SCL-90). It was found that the MS patients exhibited significantly more psychological symptoms than the healthy controls. The SCL-90 scores of MS patients were significantly higher for somatization, obsession-compulsion, interpersonal sensitivity, hostility, depression and anxiety. The high rate of psychological symptoms in adult MS supports the need for routine psychological screening.

[Effectiveness of education based on orem's self-care model in self-care activity of patients with implantable cardioverter defibrillators]

Several studies have shown that the self-care activity of patients with implantable cardioverter defibrillator is inadequate. This study was conducted to assess the effect of an educational program based on the Orem's self-care model in self-care ability of the patients. This clinical trial was conducted among 66 patients with implantable cardioverter defibrillator. Four educational sessions were held based on the patient's needs and Orem's self-care model. Data was collected using a self-report questionnaire at baseline and one month after the intervention. Data were analyzed using statistical tests [x[2], t-test, paired t-test] in the SPSS-18. There were no significant differences in the self-care awareness, tendency to self-care, self-care skills, and self-care ability between the control and intervention groups. After the intervention, the self-care awareness score remained 22.06 +/- 3.26 in the control group and increased [28.69 +/- 1.51] in the intervention group [P<0.000]. There was also significant difference in the tendency to self-care between the control [25 +/- 3.31] and intervention [28.9 +/- 1.33] groups [P<0.000]. The self-care skills differed significantly between the control [14.9 +/- 3.06] and intervention [29.03 +/- 1.15] groups after the intervention [P<0.000]. After the intervention, the self-care ability was also significantly different among the control [61.96 +/- 8.06] and intervention [86.63 +/- 2.93] groups [P<0.000]. The results of this study showed that implementing educational programs based on the Orem's self-care model can improve self-care ability in patients with implantable cardioverter defibrillator. Applying this method is recommended in nursing interventions to promote health status of the patients

Effect of pre-warmed intravenous fluid therapy on prevention of postoperative shivering after caesarean section

Hypothermia is a main side effect during surgery in which blood pressure, heart rate, intra cranial pressure, oxygen consumption, pain and discomfort increase. The rate of cesarean section in Iran is three times more than global standard. This study aimed to investigate effect of pre-warmed intravenous fluid therapy on prevention of shivering after general anesthesia in cesarean section. A total of 62 women undergoing general anesthesia for elective cesarean section were randomly allocated into two intervention and control groups. In the intervention group, patients received pre-warmed serum [37°C] and in the control group, patients received serum at room temperature [25.5°C]. The postoperative shivering and some homodynamic parameters of the participants were assessed in recovery room. The mean of body temperature in the intervention and control groups were 35.9°C +/- 0.48 and 35.42°C +/- 0.6, respectively [P<0.05]. The incidence of post operative shivering in the intervention and control groups were 13% and 35%, respectively [P<0.05]. Infusion of pre-warmed serum [37°C] would prevent postoperative shivering and could improve nursing care for women underwent general anesthesia in cesarean section