ABSTRACT
Introduction: Oral health care in patients with an endotracheal tube is one of the most important aspects of nursing care and nursing tasks in intensive care units. Mouth cleaning can reduce the amount of dental gingival, gum disease and the incidence of pneumonia associated with mechanical ventilation.
Purposes: The purpose of this study is the comparison between the effect of chlorhexidine solution and toothbrush in the prevention of oral lesions in patients hospitalized in intensive care unit in Shaheed Beheshti Hospital of Sabzevar.
Materials and methods: This study is a clinical trial. The Research Society in this study is patients hospitalized with endotracheal tube from the arrival time in intensive care unit in 1392. In this study, 30 patients were selected with target-based approach. They were divided into two groups by permutation blocking method for oral care toothbrush and chlorhexidine. There were 15 patients in each group. Beck Oral Assessment Scale [BOAS] modified and MPS are used in order to collect information on demographics List of information from the checklist of oral health. Data are analyzed by R software, KolmogorovSmirnov test, Chi square test, and Fisher and multiple logistic regression at 95% confidence level.
Results: Patients toothbrush and chlorhexidine groups of characteristics like age, sex, and drugs were similar [p>0.05]. The results show that the toothbrush and chlorhexidine are effective in preventing oral lesions, but in some cases, when the toothbrush was used, the oral health status of the patient was better [OR=1.52? p=0.0046].
Discussion and conclusion: The results indicated the use of toothbrushes and toothpaste is a significant effect in reducing oral lesions in comparison with chlorhexidine.
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Delirium as a syndrome which is recognized by consciousness disorder and changing in cognition. Delirium patients after by-pass are a common neurological complication, which is a component of the cognitive disorder. A high percentage of these kinds of patients suffer from after surgery. Evaluation of risk factors [blood transfusions and the use of more than one unit CPB] after surgery can be a valuable step in order to highlight the importance of prevention and early detection of delirium. This study aimed to recognize some risk factors related to delirium in patient who had a by- pass operation.
Methods: This study is a cross - sectional. The number of participants was 370 patients who had a by-pass operation were studied by the continuous sampling method. Researcher referred to the selected clinical centers in Tehran to identify related patients to our study and then informed consents were obtained from all patients. Using the Delirium Screening Scale, we analyzed psychological condition of patients until they were discharged from the critical care unit daily. The personal information questioner was completed on the first day of analyzing the psychological condition. Then the gathered data was analyzed by the SPSS 16 statistical package.
Results: Our findings showed that there was no meaningful statistical relationship between the incidences of delirium with risk factors despite its being common among participants.
Conclusions: According to these factors it is not possible to predict incidence of delirium in patients after a by- pass operation. In other words, there is an equal chance of delirium incidences among all patients' regardless of having or not having these factors; therefore the analyzed factors of this study cannot be used to predict the delirium incidence.