ABSTRACT
The present study was the first attempt to survey the diversity of fish zoonotic parasites in the southern region of Saudi Arabia, particularly the Najran area, from October 2012 to October 2013. Approximately 163 fish representing seven species (two of freshwater fish and five of marine fish) were examined for fish-borne trematode metacercariae using the compression technique, and for zoonotic nematode larvae. Adult flukes were obtained from cats experimentally infected with the metacercariae on day 25 post-infection The prevalence of each parasite species was recorded. The parasites found belonged to two taxa: Digenea (Heterophyes heterophyes and Haplorchis pumilio) in muscle tissue; and nematodes (larvae of Capillaria sp.) in the digestive tract. The morphological characteristics of the fish-borne trematode metacercariae and their experimentally obtained adults were described. This is the first report of these parasites in fish in Saudi Arabia. Moreover, Myripristis murdjan presented higher prevalence of Capillaria sp. infection (22.7%), while Haplorchis pumilio was the dominant metacercarial species (7.9%). Although the number of documented cases continues to increase, the overall risk of human infection is slight. The increasing exploitation of the marine environment by humans and the tendency to reduce cooking times when preparing seafood products both increase the chances of becoming infected with these parasites. Furthermore, our results indicate that certain fish production systems are at risk of presenting fish zoonotic parasites, and that control approaches will benefit from understanding these risk factors.
O presente estudo representa a primeira tentativa para investigar a diversidade dos parasitas zoonóticos em peixes na Região Sul da Arábia Saudita, em particular na área de Najran, de outubro de 2012 a outubro de 2013. Aproximadamente, 163 peixes representando sete espécies (duas de água doce e cinco marinhas) foram examinados para as metacercária, dos trematódeos de peixes, usando-se a técnica de compressão e para as larvas de nematoides. Os trematódeos adultos foram obtidos em gatos experimentalmente infectados com metacercárias no 25° dia após a infecção. A prevalência de cada espécie parasita foi registrada. Os parasitas encontrados pertenciam a dois taxa: Digenea (Heterophyes heterophyes e Haplorchis pumilio) no tecido muscular; e nematoides (larvas de Capillaria sp.) no trato digestivo. As características morfológicas das metacercárias dos trematódeos de peixes e dos adultos experimentalmente obtidos são descritas. Esse é o primeiro relato desses parasitas em peixes da Arábia Saudita. Além desses, Myripristis murdjan apresentou alta prevalência de infecção por Capillaria sp. (22,7%), enquanto Haplorchis pumilio foi a espécie de metacercárias dominante (7,9%). Embora o número de casos documentados continue a aumentar, o risco global de infecção humana é pequeno. A exploração crescente do ambiente marinho pelos seres humanos e a tendência de redução do processo de cozimento no preparo de alimentos oriundos do mar aumentam as chances de infecção por esses parasitas. Os resultados deste estudo também indicam que certos sistemas de produção de pescados estão em risco de apresentar parasitas zoonóticos, e que o seu controle trará benefícios na compreensão destes fatores de risco.
Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Male , Rats , Tungsten Compounds/pharmacokinetics , Administration, Oral , Bayes Theorem , Biological Availability , Drug Evaluation, Preclinical , Injections, Intravenous , Rats, Sprague-Dawley , Time Factors , Tungsten Compounds/administration & dosage , Tungsten Compounds/bloodABSTRACT
·AIM: To present a case of Coats' disease in adult and to illustrate the retinal findings.·METHODS: A case report.·RESULTS: A 63 years old Malay man, a known case of diabetes mellitus, presented with one year history of painless and progressive reduced vision in the right eye. Right eye visual acuity was counting finger 2 feet while left eye best corrected visual acuity was 6/12. Right fundus showed presence of extensive subretinal exudates at the temporal part of the posterior pole involving the macular area and nasal to the optic disc. It was associated with multiple areas of abnormal blood vessels temporal to the macula with attenuated vessels. Fundus fluorescein angiography(FFA) showed presence of telangiectatic vessels at the area of subretinal exudates and leakage of fluorescein from the telangiectatic vessels. The left eye was normal. Based on clinical and FFA findings, he was diagnosed to have adult Coats' disease. The right eye was treated with argon laser photocoagulation. Six months post laser, his visual acuity remained at 6/120 and there was minimal regression of the disease seen in the retina. ·CONCLUSION: The clinical and angiographic findings are important in diagnosing retinal telangiectasia. Treatment by laser photocoagulation in area of leakages may be beneficial in preventing visual loss.
ABSTRACT
Arterial traumas in children present a challenging problem, even to experienced vascular surgeons. However, there is no consensus regarding the necessity of immediate surgical treatment for all such injuries in neonates and infants with non threatened extremities. Arterial injuries in school -aged subjects [age less than 6 years] are more easily handled. The aim of this study is to evaluate the results of repair of non iatrogenic vascular injuries in the pe-diatric age group. Fifteen patients with non iatrogenic vascular injuries were studied, [3] females and [12] males. Injury caused by gunshot, stab or blunt trauma. Seven injuries were in the lower limb, and eight injuries were in the upper limb, Age of the patients ranged between 3-14 years. Emergency repair was done for all patients according to the type of injury either by lateral sutures, end-to-end anastomosis, interposition vein graft, vein patch, or synthetic graft. In [14] patients distal pulses regained, All limbs were salvaged. Early exploration of all suspected vascular Injuries can be accomplished with excellent result
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Extremities/surgery , Child , Wounds and Injuries , Wounds, Gunshot , Wounds, Nonpenetrating , Wounds, Stab , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
This study aimed to evaluate the results of primary palmer hyperhidrosis by using endoscope transthoracic sympathectomy with particular reference to the complication, the immediate and long term effectiveness of treatment and patient satisfaction with the endoscope results. Twenty patients with bilateral primary hyperhidrosis were treated by endoscopic transthoracic sympathectomy on both sides. When the stellate ganglion is uniquely identified by a pad of fat covering it above the head of the first rib, a diathermy hook used to confirm identification by palpating the sympathetic chain and rolling the nerves over the ribs. The 2nd, 3rd and 4th ganglia were cut and preserved for histopathological examination. All patients were relieved of their symptoms except the left side of a female patient [aged 26 years and treated by open surgical method]. Compensatory hyperhidrosis was the only significant side effect and reported in sixty five%. There was no mortality or major complications. Endoscopic transthoracic sympathectomy is safe-easy, reliable and effective way in the treatment of patients with primary palmer hyperhidrosis