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1.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 136(6): 747-752, jun. 2008. graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-490760

ABSTRACT

Background: There is an increase in the incidence of malignant melanoma in Chile. Previous studies have shown that the density and size of acquired melanocytic nevi (AMN) are a risk factor for developing malignant melanoma. Aim: To assess the number and anatomical distribution of acquired melanocytic nevi in Chilean adolescents. Material and methods: The number of AMN was counted in 30 anatomical sites in 201 Chilean school children (111 females), aged from 11 to 15 years. The number oí small AMN (2-4.9 mm) and large AMN (>5 mm ofdiameter) was determined. Results: Mean AMN number per person was 32.7 (95 percent confidence interval (CI) 30.7-42.3) in males and 29 (95 percent CI 271-38.6) in females (p =NS). Males had a higher number of AMN in the face, neck and trunk. Females had a higher number of AMN in the upper and lower limbs. Older children, adolescents with history of sunburns and with lighter skin had a higher number of total, small and large nevi. Conclusions: The average number ofAMNfound in this study is similar to that reported in the literature. The differences in site distribution between males and femalesmay be explainedby a differentsun exposurepattern.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Child , Female , Humans , Male , Melanoma/epidemiology , Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced/epidemiology , Nevus, Pigmented/pathology , Poverty , Skin Neoplasms/epidemiology , Analysis of Variance , Chile/epidemiology , Melanoma/pathology , Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced/pathology , Nevus, Pigmented/epidemiology , Skin Neoplasms/pathology , Sunburn/complications , Sunburn/pathology , Sunlight/adverse effects
2.
Rev. chil. infectol ; 24(4): 306-310, ago. 2007. graf, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-459601

ABSTRACT

Realizamos el estudio epidemiológico de un brote de sarna ocurrido en un hospital terciario, a partir de un caso de sarna costrosa, en febrero de 2005. Detectamos diez casos secundarios; ocho en el personal de salud y dos en pacientes hospitalizados, con una tasa de ataque de 4,1 por ciento. A diferencia de otros brotes, el diagnóstico de sarna costrosa se hizo al ingreso del caso primario al hospital. Las causas del brote fueron: adherencia deficiente a las medidas de aislamiento de contacto, permanencia prolongada del caso primario en sala compartida, y retardo en el inicio del tratamiento específico. Las principales medidas de control fueron: alertar a los servicios sobre el brote, realizar vigilancia epidemiológica, coordinación con la Dirección del Hospital y el Departamento de Salud Ocupacional, capacitar al personal de salud en las medidas de control, instaurar medidas de aislamiento y tratar a los casos y sus contactos con permetrina 5 por ciento loción tópica.


In February 2005 we performed an epidemiological study of an outbreak of scabies in a tertiary-care hospital which started from a crusted scabies case. We detected 10 secondary cases, 8 in healthcare workers and 2 in hospitalized patients. The attack rate was 4.1 percent. In contrast to previously described outbreaks, the crusted scabies case was recognized at admission. The outbreak causes were: lacking adherence to contact precautions, long stay of the primary case in the hospital ward and delay of specific treatment. The main control measures were: alerting the hospital services about the outbreak, performing epidemiologic surveillance, coordinating with the Hospital Direction and the Occupational Health Department, education of healthcare workers in control measures, implementation of isolation measures and treatment of cases and contacts with 5 percent permethrin topical lotion.


Subject(s)
Adult , Animals , Humans , Male , Cross Infection/epidemiology , Disease Outbreaks , Infectious Disease Transmission, Patient-to-Professional , Scabies/epidemiology , Chile/epidemiology , Insecticides/therapeutic use , Prospective Studies , Permethrin/therapeutic use , Petrolatum/therapeutic use , Scabies/drug therapy , Scabies/transmission
3.
Rev. chil. salud pública ; 5(1): 19-23, 2001. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-348117

ABSTRACT

Con el fin de evaluar el desarrollo psicomotor en lactantes y preescolares de un Consultorio de Atención Primaria en la ciudad de Los Andes y establecer la relación de éste con otros estudios similares realizados a nivel nacional y con algunos factores de riesgo ambiental como: estado nutricional, edad y escolaridad materna, se realizó un estudio con 487 niños sanos entre 0 y 4 años de ambos sexos que asistieron a control sano durante el año 1999. A ésta muestra se le realizó evaluación del desarrollo psicomotor con los test de Soledad Rodríguez y TEPSI de acuerdo a la edad del niño. En los lactantes estudiados un 2,5 por ciento presentó déficit del desarrollo psicomotor valor inferior a lo encontrado en bibliografía y los preescolares presentaron un 30,5 por ciento de desarrollo subnormal valor semejante a la encontrada en Chile. En ambos grupos no se encontró relación con los factores de riesgo considerados; por lo que probablemente existen otras variables más importantes que influyen en el desarrollo psicomotor del niño y que no fueron consideradas en este estudio


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Child, Preschool , Child , Infant , Female , Psychomotor Performance , Body Weight , Child Care , Congenital Abnormalities , Biological Factors/adverse effects , Hypothyroidism , Kernicterus , Meningitis , Nervous System , Nutritional Status , Phenylketonurias , Risk Factors , Socioeconomic Factors
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