ABSTRACT
This study aimed to evaluate the effect of feeding different levels of shark cartilage powder [SCP] on some physiological parameters in the experimental rate. Thirty male albino rates Sprague Dawley strains of an average weight [120-13g] aged 12 weeks were divided into five group 6 rats each. The first group was control fed standard diet only. The second, diet added with 0.5%, 1 %, 2.5% and 5% cartilage powder respectively for 6 weeks, at the end of experiment, blood samples were collected and the organs were removed then subjected to biochemical analysis. Data showed non .Significant increase in body weight gain with the increase of SCP concentration in rats' diet. There was also non-significant increase in food intake with the increase of SCP proportion compared to CG level. There was no significant elevation in relative liver weight levels in SCP groups 1.0%, 2.5% and 5.0% in comparison to CG level. Data showed that no significant increase in relative kidney and spleen weight levels in all SCP experimental groups. Results showed Significant decrease in total cholesterol of tested rats, serum LDL and triglyceride levels with the increase of SCP proportion in rats' diet starting with 1 % up to 5% , while serum HDL increased significant with the increase of SCP proportion in rats' diet. Results showed no significant decrease in AST levels in all SCP supplemented rat groups. ALT levels showed no Significant increases in SCP groups 0.5% , 1.0% and 5.0% , however there was slightly non. Significant in ALT value in rats fed 2.5% of SCP in comparison to ALT level in CG. Rats fed 0.5% and 2.5% of SCP showed no significant decrease of ALP levels, when ALP increase non-significant at SCP feed concentration 1.0% at 5.0%. Kidney function in all SCP groups was within normal as CG. There were no significant decrease in creatinine levels in SCP feed groups starting with 1.0% up to 5.0% and no significant decrease in urea levels in all SCP feed groups, in comparison to CG levels. Authors are in need to encourage further researches in the same field that may reflect new evaluation of SC therapeutic effect
ABSTRACT
The study aimed to find out the potential effect of natural SCP in four concentrations on the improvement of I immunity, mineral state and hepatic detoxifying enzymes activity on the experimental rates. Rats showed increase in serum calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, zinc and iodine levels with the increase of SCP. Obtained data showed significant increases in serum iron, hemoglobin and hematocrite levels at 1.0%, 2.5% and 5% of SCP feed proportions in rats groups. There was nonsignificant increase in firitin levels with the increase of SCP concentrations in the experimental rats diet Investigated data showed an elevation of hepatic detoxification enzymes activity with the elevation of SCP concentration in rats diets. There were significant increases in GSSGR; GSHP and GST values at 1.0%, 2.5% and 5.0% SCP feed proportions in the diet. Data illustrated improvement of investigated immune parameters with SCP supplementation. There were non-significant increases in total immunoglobulin levels in all SCP feed groups. IgG, CD + 4 and CD+8 values increased non-significantly with 0.5% and 1.0% SCP feed proportions and significantly with 2.5% and 5.0% SCP feed proportions. Shark cartilage concentrations 2.5% and 5.0% achieved best obtained results in our research, so we recommended these concentrations for good therapeutic effect of SCP?
ABSTRACT
Objectives: To detect the diagnostic value of serum level of anti beta-2 glycoprotein I [anti GP beta-2] among suspected patients of antiphospholipid syndrome [APS] either in its primary form [patients with thrombotic tendency without an underlying autoimmune disorder] or in its secondary form [patients with an underlying autoimmune disorder such as systemic lupus erythematosus, SLE]. Also, to define the usefulness of this test in predicting thrombotic events in comparison to other markers of APS such as anticardiolipin [aCL] and lupus anticoagulant: [LA]
Methodology: Fifty eight children with suspected antiphospholipid syndrome were included in this study. They were divided into patients with suspected primary APS [group I, n=19] and patients with secondary APS [group II, n=29]. According to the results of LA patients of group I were subclassified into subgroup LA [proved primary APS, n=10, +ve LA] and subgroup IB [undefined thrombosis, n=9,-ve M]. Similarly, patients of group II were subclassified into subgroup IIA [APS secondary to SLE, n=9, +ve LA] and subgroup IIB [SLE without APS, n=20,-ve LA]. The results of these patients were compared to those of 30 healthy children. Laboratory investigations were performed to all subjects including: antinuclear antibodies [ANA], anti-dsDNA, LA [using two tests], anti beta-2 GPI, aCL IgG antibody in addition to routine investigation including serum creatinine, CBC, PT, PTT, ESR, and routine urine analysis
Results: Highly significant differences were found regarding the results of anti beta-2 GPI and LA in both groups I and II as compared to controls. Moreover, a significant difference between groups I and II was observed for anti beta-2 GPI results only being higher in group I [suspected 2ry APS]. APS subgroups [IA and HA] also had significantly higher results of anti beta-2 GPI as compared to SLE patients without APS [IIB] [p<0.01, respectively]. While, no significant differences were observed for anti beta-2 GPI results in subgroups IA and [IA when compared to patients of subgroup IB [p> 0.05, respectively]. Frequencies of seropositive results [anti beta-2 GPI>20 standard GPI units and ratio of LA>1.36] in different groups were compared using Chi-square test. For anti beta-2 GPI, it revealed highly significant differences in both groups I and II as compared to controls [p<0.01, respectively] and a significant difference was found between groups I and II [p<0.05]. On the other hand, LA results showed similar highly significant differences for both patients' groups compared to controls but there was no significant difference between groups I and II [p>0.05]. The seropositivity of aCL in group IA was 80% while it was 90% for anti beta-2 GPI in the same group. The efficiency in diagnosis was higher for anti beta-2 GPI in both groups 1 and 2 [90% and 81% respectively] while it was much lower for LA [73% and 66% respectively]. In group I AUC were 0.75 and 0.7 for anti beta-2 GPI and LA respectively with a non-significant difference between both parameters [p>0.05]. While, in group II the performance of anti beta-2 GPI was better as AUC were 0.87 and 0.65 for anti beta-2 GPI and LA respectively with a significant difference between the AU C of both markers [p<0.05]
Conclusion: About one half of the thrombotic events that appear to be unexplained are due to APS. Anti beta-2 GPI proved itself as a sensitive and efficient test for the detection of 2ry as well as 2ry APS. Its diagnostic value resides in being reliable for the diagnosis of APS especially when there is a strong clinical suspicion in the absence of positive aCL or LA. In SLE patients, the presence of anti beta-2 GPI would be of value in the discernment of 2ry APS from other overlap symptoms of disease activity
ABSTRACT
To measure levels of oncostatin M [OSM] and leukemia inhibitory factors [LIF] in the serum and synovial fluid of rheumatoid arthritis [RA] and osteoarthritis [OA] patients. Also, to correlate their levels with the parameters of disease activity in RA and severity in both RA and OA. This study was conducted on 20 RA patients, 10 OA patients and 10 healthy controls. Serum and synovial fluid levels of both OSM and LIF were measured using quantitative sandwich enzyme immunoassay technique. The mean levels of serum and synovial OSM as well as LIF were significantly higher in RA patients than controls [30.3 +/- 14.5, 252 +/- 117, 23.5 +/- 5.2, 41.8 +/- 7.2 pg/ml respectively, p<0.001]. Similar findings were also detected only in synovial OSM and LIF of OA patients [39.5 +/- 4.8, 22.4 +/- 4.5 pg/ml respectively, p <0.001]. On comparing RA and OA patients, there was a highly significant increase in the serum and synovial OSM as well as LIF in RA patients [p <0.001]. Also, there was a highly significant correlation between the serum and synovial OSM in RA and OA patients. Similar findings were found between synovial OSM and LIF as regards the activity score, total number of WBCs and ESR. Stepwise multiregression analysis revealed that serum LIF and ESR were the best parameters to discriminate patients with more active RA. On the other hand, serum OSM, peripheral WBC count and synovial LIF were the best parameters to detect the severity of the disease. Our results confirm the role of both OSM and LIF as important factors that mediate the pathophysiologic events in RA, besides their role in detection of activity of RA and severity of both RA and OA