ABSTRACT
In Egypt, it has long been realized that smelters are seriously deteriorating environmental conditions inside cities. Smelters in Alexandria City are located within the residential areas. EI-Gomrok District is particularly highly contaminated with emissions from smelters. It is suggested that the new site for smelters will be established in Amerya district, close to the Egyptian Petrochemical Company because Alexandria Governorate owns this area. This study aimed at assessing the environmental impacts for transfer of smelters to the new area. All obtained data were pulled together to assess the impacts of the smelters transfer on the physico-chemical environment, biological environment, and socioeconomic environment. Two alternatives were studied Alternative I, no action and keep the existing situation and alternative II, transfer of smelters to petrochemical site in Amerya District. Alternative II recorded +17 while alternative I recorded -29. So, it was found that application of alternative II, will result in good progress and development as regard the physico-chemical, biological, and the social environment of Alexandria City. An Environmental Management System [EMS] must be established to ensure sustainability of environmental conditions in the new area
Subject(s)
Occupational Exposure , Population Dynamics , Environmental Pollution , Environmental HealthABSTRACT
Misr Chemical Industries [MCI] is located in EL-Mex industrial area, to the west of Alexandria City. Chloralkali production in MCI started in 1960 using mercury-amalgam electrolysis and continued operation of the facility for over 35 years, far beyond the design service life of 20 years, has caused increased emissions and frequent leaks to air and water from the processing equipment, which posed serious occupational hazards to the exposed workers and severe environmental problems in the vicinity of MCI. A hazardous waste landfill [HWL] has been established on 1998 for containing derbies of MCI to reduce environmental and health risks to reasonable levels. The site of the HWL is approximately 80 km southwest of EI-Mex area where MCI facilities are located, at Alam EL-Afrag on the edge of the western desert. The study aimed at monitoring the HWL site for possible leakage of mercury vapour to air. Measurements were made by using the mercury vapour analyzer. The study began after five years from the final closure of the landfill on 2002 and extended for three years till the end of 2004. It was found that the HWL site selection complies with law 4/1994, Article 28.The mercury vapour readings in the site were almost not detected which assured the good performance of the mercury decontamination project of Misr Chemical Industries
Subject(s)
Hazardous Waste , Environmental Monitoring , Mercury , DecontaminationABSTRACT
Starches are insoluble in water. Starch is used in cooking for thickening sauces. In industry, it is used in the manufacture of adhesives, paper, and textiles. The most promising new market for corn starches is as raw material for the production of industrial chemicals and plastics which are today made from petroleum feedstock. Wastewater effluent of starch production is characterized by high total suspended solids of high organic load. The Egyptian Starch, Yeast, and Detergents Company is one of most famous factories producing food starch. It is located in Alexandria. As its final wastewater effluent highly exceeds the permissible limits of total suspended solids [TSS] and chemical oxygen demand [COD] of Decree No. 44/2000 of Low No. 93/1962, the starch company established an anaerobic wastewater treatment plant [WWTP] since 2002. The present study aimed at evaluating the existing WWTP and the compliance of its final discharge with the regulatory limits for the disposal of final wastewater into public sewer. WWTP shows stable and controlled treatment unit with high treatment efficiency. It is fruitfull to applay the same technology in treatment of end pipe industrial wastes having similar characteristics