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1.
CoDAS ; 28(2): 163-167, mar.-abr. 2016. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-782145

ABSTRACT

RESUMO Objetivo: Determinar os valores de corte dos diferentes graus de rugosidade e soprosidade vocal em uma escala visual analógica, a partir de uma escala numérica. Métodos: Foram selecionadas 150 vozes, de indivíduos de ambos os gêneros, com qualidade variando desde a ausência de rugosidade e de soprosidade até a presença desses parâmetros em grau intenso. A avaliação perceptivo-auditiva foi realizada por quatro fonoaudiólogas especialistas em voz, com a utilização da escala visual analógica de 100 mm e da escala numérica de quatro pontos. A concordância intra e interjuízes foi verificada por meio do Coeficiente de Correlação Interclasse. Os valores de corte foram obtidos com base nos valores de sensibilidade, especificidade e eficiência. Resultados: A concordância intra e interjuízes foi excelente em ambas as escalas. Os valores de corte definiram as faixas de distribuição, encontrando-se para a rugosidade: grau 0 até 8,5 mm; grau 1 de 8,5 a 28,5 mm; grau 2 de 28,5 a 59,5 mm; e grau 3 a partir de 59,5 mm. Para a soprosidade encontrou-se: grau 0 até 8,5 mm; grau 1 de 8,5 a 33,5 mm; grau 2 de 33,5 a 52,5 mm; e grau 3 a partir de 52,5 mm. Conclusão: A partir dos valores de corte encontrados para a escala visual analógica foi possível concluir que o grau 0 (zero) da escala numérica, que representa a ausência do parâmetro, corresponde a uma pequena faixa de pontuação de presença do parâmetro na escala visual analógica. Além disso, o grau 3 da escala numérica correspondeu a uma extensa faixa da escala visual analógica.


ABSTRACT Purpose: To determine the cut-off values of different degrees of vocal roughness and breathiness in an analogical visual scale, from a numerical scale. Methods: We selected 150 voices from both genders, with quality ranging from neutrality to intense deviations, and predominance of breathiness or roughness. The auditory-perceptual assessment through two scales: 100-mm analogical visual scales and 4-point numerical scale. Intra and interrater reliability of auditory-perceptual ratings was analyzed using the Intraclass Correlation Coefficient. The cut-off values for graduation of roughness and breathiness voices were determinate using the analysis of the Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve, which is based on the sensitivity, specificity and efficiency. Results: The intra and interrater reliability of auditory-perceptual ratings was excellent on both scales. The cut-off values (mm) in the analogical visual scale, from the numeric scale, indicated a roughness distribution: 0-8.5 absence of the parameter; 8.5- 28.5 mild presence; 28.5- 59.5 moderate and 59.5- 100 intense. For breathiness, the distribution was: 0-8.5 absence of the parameter; 8.5-33.5 for mild presence; 33.5-52.5 moderate and 52.5-100 intense. Conclusion: The cut-off values found for the analogical visual scale conclude that the numerical scale zero, which represents the absence of parameter, corresponds to a small range of scores in the analogical visual scale. Furthermore, the third degree of the numerical scale corresponded to a wide range of the analogical visual scale.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Auditory Perception/physiology , Speech Production Measurement/methods , Voice Quality/physiology , Hoarseness/physiopathology , Reference Values , Severity of Illness Index , Observer Variation , Reproducibility of Results , ROC Curve , Sensitivity and Specificity , Dysphonia/physiopathology , Visual Analog Scale
2.
Int. arch. otorhinolaryngol. (Impr.) ; 18(3): 294-302, Jul-Sep/2014.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-720859

ABSTRACT

Introduction The study of the dynamic properties of vocal fold vibration is important for understanding the vocal production mechanism and the impact of organic and functional changes. The advent of high-speed videolaryngoscopy (HSV) has provided the possibility of seeing the real cycle of vocal fold vibration in detail through high sampling rate of successive frames and adequate spatial resolution. Objective To describe the technique, advantages, and limitations of using HSV and digital videokymography in the diagnosis of vocal pathologies. Methods We used HSV and digital videokymography to evaluate one normophonic individual and four patients with vocal fold pathologies (nodules, unilateral paralysis of the left vocal fold, intracordal cyst, and adductor spasmodic dysphonia). The vocal fold vibration parameters (glottic closure, vibrational symmetry, periodicity, mucosal wave, amplitude, and glottal cycle phases) were assessed. Results Differences in the vocal vibration parameters were observed and correlated with the pathophysiology. Conclusion HSV is the latest diagnostic tool in visual examination of vocal behavior and has considerable potential to refine our knowledge regarding the vocal fold vibration and voice production, as well as regarding the impact of pathologic conditions have on the mechanism of phonation...


Subject(s)
Humans , Voice Disorders/diagnosis , Laryngoscopy , Stroboscopy , Dysphonia , Epidermal Cyst , Vocal Cords
3.
CoDAS ; 25(6): 577-583, 25/1jan. 2013. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-699836

ABSTRACT

Purpose: To identify the immediate effects of voiced vibration and vocal fry exercises on healthy subjects by means of acoustic parameters and high-speed kymography. Methods: Thirty healthy subjects (18 women and 12 men, aged from 19 to 45 years old) participated in this study. The voices were recorded at the range of 44.100 samples/second, before and after of the vocal exercises. We developed a computational routine to extract jitter and shimmer. High-speed kymography was generated from laryngeal images for the analysis of the phase times: closed (CPh), open (OPh), of closing (cPh) and of opening (oPh) and used the paired t-Student test and the Mann-Whitney test, with a significance level of 0.05. Results: After voiced vibrations, acoustic parameters showed reduced jitter for both genders (p=0.018 for men and p<0.01 for women) and reduced shimmer for female voices (p<0.01). There was a decrease in CPh (p=0.046) and cPh (p=0.026) and an increase in OPh (p=0.05) in female vocal folds. After vocal fry, we identified decreased jitter (p<0.01) in female voices and cPh (p=0.026) in male vocal folds. Conclusion: We observed more positive immediate effects of the voiced vibrations, mainly in voice quality and vocal folds among females. Nevertheless, studies with larger male sample and investigation of the appropriate time of vocal fry are necessary to confirm the results of this search. .


OBJETIVO: Identificar efeitos imediatos das vibrações sonorizadas e do som basal em indivíduos saudáveis por meio de parâmetros acústicos e quimografia de alta velocidade. MÉTODOS: Participaram 30 sujeitos, 12 homens e 18 mulheres (19 a 45 anos) sem alterações laríngeas. As vozes foram gravadas à taxa de 44.100 amostras/segundo e as videolaringoscopias de 4.000 quadros/segundo, antes e depois dos exercícios vocais. Foi desenvolvida uma rotina computacional para extrair Jitter e Shimmer. Foram geradas quimografias de alta velocidade a partir das imagens laríngeas para a análise dos tempos de fase: fechada (FF); aberta (FA); de fechamento (Ff) e de abertura (Fa), e usados o Teste t de Student pareado e o teste Mann-Whitney, com nível de significância de 0,05. RESULTADOS: Após as vibrações sonorizadas, houve diminuição de Jitter (0,018 para homens e p<0,01para mulheres) para ambos os gêneros e diminuição de Shimmer (p<0,01) ao gênero feminino. Houve diminuição de FF (p=0,046) e de Ff (p=0,026) e aumento de FA (p=0,05) em pregas vocais femininas. Após o som basal, foram identificados diminuição de Jitter (p<0,01) em vozes femininas e da Ff (p=0,026) em pregas vocais masculinas. CONCLUSÃO: Foi possível verificar mais efeitos imediatos positivos após as vibrações sonorizadas principalmente em qualidade vocal e pregas vocais de mulheres. No entanto, são necessárias pesquisas com maior número de amostras masculinas e investigação sobre o tempo adequado do som basal para corroboração dos resultados desta pesquisa. .


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Kymography , Vibration , Vocal Cords/physiology , Voice Quality/physiology , Sex Factors
4.
Int. arch. otorhinolaryngol. (Impr.) ; 17(1): 74-79, Jan.-Mar. 2013. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-662530

ABSTRACT

Introduction: The effects of voiced vibration technique can be assessed by laryngeal imaging. Kymographic images derived from high-speed videoendoscopy allow actual visualization of vocal folds vibration. Purpose: The aim of this study is to identify the immediate effects of the voiced vibration technique in healthy vocal folds using high-speed digital laryngeal imaging. Methods: Samples were obtained from 15 healthy subjects with no history of voice disorders (6 men and 9 women aged 21 to 43 years). High-speed videoendoscopy recordings were performed before and after the voiced vibration technique. Kymographic images were obtained using high-speed videoendoscopy. The vocal folds were examined in their open and closed positions and the characteristics of the opening and closing phases were determined. A customize computational routine was used quantify these parameters. The closing, opening, and speed quotients were also calculated. Results: In this study, women displayed statistically significant differences in opened phase (P= 0.05*), closed phase (P= 0.046*), and closing phase (P= 0.026*) phase characteristics. Men displayed the highest difference rate in opening time characteristics (P= 0.06). The closing and opening quotients for the female group showed significant differences (P= 0.029* and P= 0.049*, respectively). The speed quotient exhibited statistically significant differences in the male group (P= 0.048*). Conclusion: The kymographic images indicated that the immediate effect of the voiced vibration technique was smooth contact in healthy vocal fold vibration...


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Kymography , Radiographic Image Enhancement , Vibration , Voice , Voice Training
5.
Radiol. bras ; 41(1): 25-28, jan.-fev. 2008. ilus
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-477719

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Apresentar um software que permita uma análise detalhada da dinâmica da deglutição. MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS: Participaram deste estudo dez indivíduos após acidente vascular encefálico, sendo seis do gênero masculino, com idade média de 57,6 anos. Foi realizada videofluoroscopia da deglutição e as imagens foram digitalizadas em microcomputador, com posterior análise do tempo do trânsito faríngeo da deglutição, por meio de um cronômetro e do software. RESULTADOS: O tempo médio do trânsito faríngeo da deglutição apresentou-se diferente quando comparados os métodos utilizados (cronômetro e software). CONCLUSÃO: Este software é um instrumento de análise dos parâmetros tempo e velocidade da deglutição, propiciando melhor compreensão da dinâmica da deglutição, com reflexos tanto na abordagem clínica dos pacientes com disfagia como para fins de pesquisa científica.


OBJECTIVE: The present paper is aimed at introducing a software to allow a detailed analysis of the swallowing dynamics. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The sample included ten (six male and four female) stroke patients, with mean age of 57.6 years. Swallowing videofluoroscopy was performed and images were digitized for posterior analysis of the pharyngeal transit time with the aid of a chronometer and the software. RESULTS: Differences were observed in the average pharyngeal swallowing transit time as a result of measurements with chronometer and software. CONCLUSION: This software is a useful tool for the analysis of parameters such as swallowing time and speed, allowing a better understanding of the swallowing dynamics, both in the clinical approach of patients with oropharyngeal dysphagia and for scientific research purposes.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Deglutition Disorders , Deglutition/physiology , Image Processing, Computer-Assisted , Software/trends , Stroke/complications , Fluoroscopy , Evaluation Studies as Topic
6.
Arq. neuropsiquiatr ; 64(4): 912-915, dez. 2006. ilus
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-439741

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the maximum residual signal auto-correlation also known as pitch amplitude (PA) values in patients with ParkinsonÆs disease (PD) patients. METHOD: The signals of 21 ParkinsonÆs patients were compared with 15 healthy individuals, divided according age and gender. RESULTS: Statistical difference was seen between groups for PA, 0.39 for controls and 0.25 for PD. Normal value threshold was set as 0.3; (p<0.001). In the ParkinsonÆs group 80.77 percent, and in the control group only 12.28 percent, had a PA<0.3 demonstrating an association between these variables. The dispersion diagram for age and PA for PD individuals showed p=0.01 and r=0.54. There was no significant difference in relation to gender and PA between groups. CONCLUSION: The significant differences in pitchÆs amplitude between PD patients and healthy individuals demonstrate the methods specificity. The results showed the need of prospective controlled studies to improve the use and indications of residual signal auto-correlation to evaluate speech in PD patients.


OBJETIVO: Avaliar autocorrelação do sinal residual também denominado como amplitude do pitch (PA) em pacientes com doença de Parkinson (PD). MÉTODO: Os valores de PA, estratificados de acordo com idade e sexo, em 21 pacientes com doença de Parkinson foram analisados e comparados aos dados obtidos em 15 indivíduos sadios. RESULTADOS: Foi determinada diferença estatística para a PA entre os dois grupos (p<0,001; 0,39 para os controles e 0,25 para PD), considerando os valores normais como >0,3. Nos pacientes com PD 80,77 por cento dos pacientes tinham a PA <0,3, enquanto que entre os controles somente 12,28 por cento apresentavam valores abaixo de 0,3. O diagrama de dispersão para idade e sexo para os doentes com PD mostraram um p=0,001 e r=0,54. Não houve diferença em relação a sexo e idade entre os grupos. CONCLUSÃO: A significativa diferença da PA entre pacientes com PD e controles demonstra a especificidade da análise. Os resultados apontam para a necessidade de estudos controlados, prospectivos, para implementar o uso e indicações da determinação da amplitude do pitch na avaliação da fala em pacientes com doença de Parkinson.


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Parkinson Disease/physiopathology , Phonation/physiology , Speech Production Measurement , Speech Disorders/diagnosis , Case-Control Studies , Parkinson Disease/complications , Sensitivity and Specificity , Sound Spectrography , Speech Acoustics , Speech Disorders/etiology , Speech Disorders/physiopathology , Speech Perception/physiology , Voice Quality
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