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2.
Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz ; 110(2): 166-173, 04/2015. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-744479

ABSTRACT

Despite recent advances in the treatment of some forms of leishmaniasis, the available drugs are still far from ideal due to inefficacy, parasite resistance, toxicity and cost. The wide-spectrum antimicrobial activity of 2-nitrovinylfuran compounds has been described, as has their activity against Trichomonas vaginalis and other protozoa. Thus, the aim of this study was to test the antileishmanial activities of six 2-nitrovinylfurans in vitro and in a murine model of leishmaniasis. Minimum parasiticide concentration (MPC) and 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) values for these compounds against the promastigotes of Leishmania amazonensis, Leishmania infantum and Leishmania braziliensis were determined, as were the efficacies of two selected compounds in an experimental model of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) caused by L. amazonensis in BALB/c mice. All of the compounds were active against the promastigotes of the three Leishmania species tested. IC50 and MPC values were in the ranges of 0.8-4.7 µM and 1.7-32 µM, respectively. The compounds 2-bromo-5-(2-bromo-2-nitrovinyl)-furan (furvina) and 2-bromo-5-(2-methyl-2-nitrovinyl)-furan (UC245) also reduced lesion growth in vivo at a magnitude comparable to or higher than that achieved by amphotericin B treatment. The results demonstrate the potential of this class of compounds as antileishmanial agents and support the clinical testing of Dermofural(r) (a furvina-containing antifungal ointment) for the treatment of CL.


Subject(s)
Humans , Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use , Hodgkin Disease/drug therapy , Hodgkin Disease/pathology , Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/adverse effects , Bleomycin/adverse effects , Bleomycin/therapeutic use , Combined Modality Therapy , Decision Making , Dacarbazine/adverse effects , Dacarbazine/therapeutic use , Doxorubicin/adverse effects , Doxorubicin/therapeutic use , Hodgkin Disease/mortality , Neoplasm Staging , Practice Guidelines as Topic , Risk Assessment , Treatment Outcome , Vinblastine/adverse effects , Vinblastine/therapeutic use
3.
Rev. cuba. hig. epidemiol ; 48(1)ene.-abr. 2010.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-615247

ABSTRACT

Leishmania es un protozoo parásito causante de la leishmaniasis, enfermedad de variada presentación clínica y de amplia distribución mundial. La Organización Mundial de la Salud la considera una enfermedad re-emergente y no controlada, y sus patrones de transmisión se han visto afectados en los últimos años por la acción humana, entre otros aspectos. El diagnóstico varía de acuerdo con la forma clínica de presentación y actualmente se recomienda la identificación de la especie infectante como elemento de mucha utilidad para indicar un tratamiento adecuado, realizar el monitoreo clínico y como aspecto importante en estudios epidemiológicos, que incluyan el estudio de vectores y/o reservorios. El tratamiento oportuno es, hasta el momento, una de las pocas medidas de control disponibles, ya que a pesar de los esfuerzos realizados, no existe vacuna contra esta afección. En este trabajo se presenta una revisión de la literatura que incluye aspectos importantes de la leishmaniasis, en el contexto internacional actual.


Leishmania is a parasitic protozoon causing Leishmaniasis, disease with a varied clinic presentation and a wide world distribution. WHO considers it as a non-controlled and re-emergent disease and its transmission patterns have been affected in past years by the human action among other features. Its diagnosis change according to the clinical way of presentation and nowadays it is recommended the identification of infectious species like a very useful feature to prescribe a appropriate treatment, to perform the clinical monitoring and the most important in epidemiologic studies including the vector and or reservoirs study. The timely treatment is until now one of the few available control measures since despite the efforts performed there isn't a vaccine against this affection. The aim of present paper is to present a literature review including significant features of Leishmaniasis in the present international context.

4.
Rev. cuba. med. trop ; 61(2)May-Aug. 2009.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-584913

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCCIÓN: la inducción de las proteínas de choque térmico constituyen un mecanismo homeostático que protege a las células del efecto destructivo del calor u otras condiciones de estrés ambiental, paralelamente, ellas cumplen importantes funciones celulares. La proteína de choque térmico de 20 kDa se reportó recientemente en Leishmania amazonensis. OBJETIVO: describir la metodología utilizada para realizar el clonaje de las proteínas de choque térmico, lo que permitió acometer estudios de algunas propiedades biológicas. MÉTODOS: la región codificante del gen hsp20 se amplificó mediante la reacción en cadena de la polimerasa con cebadores adecuados. El producto amplificado se clonó inicialmente en el vector pCR2.1 (Invitrogen) y después en el vector de expresión en procariotas pET-28b (Novagen), para obtener proteína recombinante. De manera paralela, el mismo fragmento se clonó en el vector de expresión en eucariotas pcDNA3 (Invitrogen) para obtener un posible preparado vacunal de ADN. Se realizó la secuenciación nucleotídica de los clones obtenidos, con la finalidad de verificar su fidelidad. RESULTADOS: se obtuvieron plásmidos recombinantes que codifican la HSP20 de Leishmania, y permiten la obtención de proteína recombinante y de ADN en forma masiva. CONCLUSIONES: ambos plásmidos fueron útiles para estudiar algunas de las propiedades biológicas de esta proteína. Este acercamiento puede ser de interés en otros trabajos de esta índole y constituir una guía metodológica.


INTRODUCTION: the induction of heat shock proteins is a homeostatic mechanism that protects cells from the deleterious effects of thermal and other environmental stresses. In addition, they have important cell functions. The 20kDa heat shock protein in Leishmania amazonensis was recently reported. OBJECTIVE: to describe the methodology used for cloning of heat shock proteins, which allowed the study of some biological properties. METHODS: the hsp20 gene coding region was amplified by polymerase chain reaction using adequate primers. The amplified product was initially cloned in pCR2.1 vector (Invitrogen) and then in pET-28b vector (Novagen), to obtain recombinant protein. The same fragment was cloned also in the eukariote expression vector pcDNA3 (Invitrogen). The nucleotidic sequencing of the different clones was made, in order to verify their fidelity. RESULTS: the recombinant plasmids that encode HSP20 protein in Leishmania and allow obtaining massively recombinant protein and DNA were produced. CONCLUSIONS: both plasmids were useful to study some of the biological properties of this protein. This approach could be useful for similar research and represent a suitable methodological guideline.

5.
Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz ; 99(3): 329-330, May 2004. ilus, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-362004

ABSTRACT

Current therapy for leishmaniasis is not satisfactory. We describe the in vitro antiproliferative effects of new thiadiazine derivatives against Leishmania amazonensis. The compounds were found to be active against the amastigote form of the parasite, inhibiting parasite growing, from 10 to 89 percent, at a concentration of 100 ng/ml. This activity suggests that thiadiazine derivatives could be considered as potential antileishmanial compounds.


Subject(s)
Animals , Mice , Antiprotozoal Agents , Leishmania braziliensis , Thiadiazines , Inhibitory Concentration 50 , Mice, Inbred BALB C
6.
Rev. cuba. med. trop ; 53(3): 154-160, sept.-dic. 2001. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-327193

ABSTRACT

Se construyó una biblioteca genómica de Leishmania amazonensis mediante el vector pcDNA3, con promotor de expresión en células eucariotas, con el objetivo de contribuir a la aplicación de la tecnología de inmunización con ácidos nucleicos en la leishmaniosis. Para demostrar la expresión de la genoteca en el músculo de ratones inmunizados con esta, se realizó la técnica de inmunofluorescencia indirecta. Como anticuerpo primario se utilizó una mezcla de sueros con alto título antileishmania, de una zona donde predomina la infección con L. braziliensis. Se obtuvo una biblioteca con 80 porciento de clones recombinantes. Se demostró la expresión de determinantes antigénicos en el músculo de ratones BALB/c inmunizados, según resultados de la inmunofluorescencia


Subject(s)
Nucleic Acids/immunology , Animals, Laboratory , Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect , Genomic Library , Immunization/methods , Leishmania mexicana , Mice, Inbred A , Mice, Inbred BALB C/immunology
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