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1.
Rev. bras. cir. cardiovasc ; 29(4): 564-568, Oct-Dec/2014. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-741725

ABSTRACT

Objective: Among the veins used as a graft in myocardial revascularizations and ends, great saphenous vein is the most used. Knowing the presence and location of valves has great importance when evaluating the surgical anatomy of the great saphenous vein. Despite major surgical application and many works involving great saphenous vein, the number of valves present in it from the saphenous hiatus to the medial epicondyle of the femur is still described inaccurately. The objective of this study is to quantify the valves of the great saphenous vein from the saphenous hiatus to the medial epicondyle of the femur to determine the best portion of the great saphenous vein to perform revascularization surgeries. Methods: This is a crosssectional observational study in which it was analyzed great saphenous vein extracted from 30 cadavers. It was measured the length of the veins; (diameter) at its proximal, middle and distal, quantifying the number of valves in each one and the total number of valves at the great saphenous vein. Results: The frequency of valves in the great saphenous vein taken from the medial epicondyle of the femur to the saphenous hiatus was 4.82, ranging between 2 and 9. Moreover, there is a significant difference in the number of valves in the proximal and distal relative to the average. Conclusion: the median and distal portions of the saphenous vein in the thigh, are the best options for the realization of bridges due to the fact that these portions have fewer valves which therefore would tend to decrease the risk of complications connected with the valves in these grafts. .


Objetivo: Dentre as veias empregadas para revascularizações do miocárdio e de extremidades, a veia safena magna é a mais utilizada. Conhecer a presença e localização de válvulas é de grande importância quando se avalia a anatomia cirúrgica da veia safena magna. Apesar de grande aplicação cirúrgica e de muitos trabalhos envolvendo a veia safena magna, o número de válvulas presente nela desde o hiato safeno até o epicôndilo medial do fêmur ainda é descrito de forma imprecisa. O objetivo do presente trabalho é quantificar as válvulas da veia safena magna desde o hiato safeno até o epicôndilo medial do fêmur para determinar a melhor porção da veia safena magna para a realização de cirurgias de revascularização. Métodos: Este é um estudo transversal e observacional em que foram analisadas veias safena magna extraídas de 30 cadáveres. Foram realizadas as medidas das variáveis do comprimento das veias; (diâmetro) em suas porções proximal, média e distal; quantificação do número de válvulas nestas e número de válvulas total na veia safena magna. Resultados: A frequência de válvulas da veia safena contadas desde o epicôndilo medial do fêmur até o hiato safeno foi de 4,82, podendo variar entre 2 e 9. Além disso, houve diferença significante do número de válvulas da porção proximal em relação à média e distal. Conclusão: As porções média e distal da veia safena magna na coxa são as melhores opções para a realização de pontes em decorrência do fato destas porções terem menor quantidade de válvulas o que, portanto, tenderia a diminuir o risco de complicações relacionadas as válvulas nestes enxertos. .


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Saphenous Vein/anatomy & histology , Venous Valves/anatomy & histology , Age Factors , Analysis of Variance , Cadaver , Cross-Sectional Studies , Coronary Artery Bypass/methods , Reference Values , Sex Factors
2.
Int. j. morphol ; 29(1): 140-143, Mar. 2011. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-591965

ABSTRACT

The aim of the present study was to determine the most common origin of the azygos vein. Thirty cadavers male and female, white and non-white adult individuals of different ages fixed in 10 percent formaldehyde and dissected. All cadavers had an undisclosed clinical death and were donated to the Universidade Estadual de Ciências da Saúde de Alagoa s, Brazil. Eleven different formations were found. The right subcostal vein was was only observed in 13 cases (43.33 percent); the azygos vein was formed by the confluence of the right subcostal and right ascending lumbar vein in three cases (10 percent); by the right subcostal vein with a contribution from the inferior vena cava (IVC) in three cases (10 percent); by the right subcostal with contribution from IVC and right ascending lumbar vein in three cases (10 percent); by the right and left subcostal veins in two cases (6.66 percent); by the right and left subcostal veins and contribution from the IVC in one case (3.33 percent); by the right and left subcostal veins and left accessory renal vein in one case (3.33 percent); by the left renal vein in one case (3.33 percent); by the right subcostal and left gonadal veins with contribution from the IVC in one case (3.33 percent); by the right subcostal and left renal veins in one case (3.33 percent); and composed by the continuation of the 11th posterior intercostal vein in one case (3.33 percent). Based on the results, the right subcostal vein was the only structure with a significant presence in the formation of the azygos vein.


El objetivo del estudio fue verificar cual es la disposición más frecuente del origen de la vena ácigos. Fueron disecados 30 cadáveres de individuos adultos, de ambos sexos, de diferentes grupos étnicos, fijados en formaldehído al 10 por ciento, donados a la Universidade Estadual de Ciencias da Saúde de Alagoas. Se encontraron 11 formaciones diferentes. En 13 casos (43,33 por ciento) se observó sólo la vena subcostal derecha; en 3 casos (10 por ciento) la vena ácigos estaba formada por la confluencia de las venas subcostal derecha y lumbar ascendente derecha; en 3 casos (10 por ciento) formado por las venas subcostal derecha y una contribución de la vena cava inferior VCI; en 3 casos (10 por ciento) por las venas subcostal derecha y contribución de la VCI y lumbar ascendente derecha; 2 casos (6,66 por ciento) por las venas subcostales derecha e izquierda; en 1 caso (3,33 por ciento) por las venas subcostal derecha, izquierda y contribución de la VCI; en 1 caso (3,33 por ciento) por las venas subcostal derecha e izquierda y renal accesoria izquierda; en 1 caso (3,33 por ciento) por la vena renal izquierda; en1 caso (3,33 por ciento) por las venas subcostal derecha, gonadal izquierda y contribución de la VCI; en 1 caso (3,33 por ciento) por las venas subcostal derecha y renal izquierda y en 1 caso (3,33 por ciento) por la continuación de la 11 vena intercostal posterior. Con base en los resultados podemos concluir que la vena subcostal derecha fue la única estructura con presencia significativa en la formación de la vena ácigos.


Subject(s)
Humans , Animals , Male , Azygos Vein/anatomy & histology , Azygos Vein/cytology , Azygos Vein/innervation , Azygos Vein/ultrastructure , Vena Cava, Inferior/anatomy & histology , Vena Cava, Inferior/cytology , Vena Cava, Inferior/innervation , Cadaver
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