ABSTRACT
RESUMEN El presente artículo tiene como objetivo analizar, desde la perspectiva de género, los servicios de atención pública en salud mental en la ciudad de Barcelona, a través de un estudio de caso: el servicio de salud mental de personas adultas en el contexto de la última reforma en salud mental de orientación comunitaria y transdisciplinaria. Desde un abordaje cualitativo, estudiamos los diferentes discursos que las y los profesionales en salud mental elaboran sobre cómo abordan la relación terapéutica entre profesional y persona usuaria y, de forma específica, la vulnerabilidad y las propuestas de respuesta. Entre noviembre de 2018 y abril de 2019, se realizaron tres grupos de discusión con profesionales y un grupo conformado por mujeres usuarias. Sobre los datos obtenidos se realizó análisis de contenido categorial. Los resultados muestran una tendencia a entender y abordar la vulnerabilidad desde la ética del cuidado a partir de un modelo de atención comunitaria, que diferencia los discursos entre los hombres y las mujeres que han participado en la investigación. Concluimos que el modelo comunitario, al basarse en la interdependencia, promueve la recuperación de la ciudadanía de las personas usuarias, contraponiéndose al modelo hospitalario.
ABSTRACT This article aims to analyze public mental health services in the city of Barcelona from a gender-based perspective. We do so through a case study of mental health services for adults in the context of recent community-oriented and transdisciplinary mental health care reforms. Employing a qualitative methodology, we look at the discourses of mental health professionals regarding the ways in which they approach the therapeutic relationship between professional and user, specifically with reference to vulnerability and proposals for addressing it. Between November 2018 and April 2019 we conducted three discussion groups with professionals and another with a group of female users. Data analysis was guided by a categorical content analysis model. The results show a tendency to understand and address vulnerability from an ethics of care based on a community care model, with differences in the discourses of men and women who participated in the research. We conclude that the community-based model promotes the recovery of users' citizenship, as it is based on a notion of interdependence, in contrast to the hospital-based mental health model.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Mental Disorders/therapy , Mental Health Services , Mental Health , Health Personnel , Qualitative ResearchABSTRACT
Abstract In this article, we present the development of a methodological diagnostic tool for the field of public health from an interdisciplinary perspective that articulates the biological, psychological, and social dimensions of human health from a post-structuralist and feminist perspective and epistemology. In prior research, we have developed a methodology for the study of chronic pain without an organic cause, or fibromyalgia (FM), that we call the psychosocial diagnosis of gender. That work addresses the analysis of the research object itself and, above all, a critical reconceptualization of health in general. We have also used qualitative fieldwork methods (life stories, discussion groups, and documentary material) in our study of people diagnosed with FM. Here, we present the actual tool we use in the Psychosocial Diagnosis of Gender, using a case study that enacts a displacement of the clinical diagnosis of FM towards its articulation with the psychosocial diagnosis of gender.
Resumo Neste artigo apresentamos o desenvolvimento de uma ferramenta de diagnóstico metodológico para o campo da saúde pública a partir de uma perspectiva interdisciplinar que articula as dimensões biológica, psicológica e social da saúde humana com base em epistemologia e um ponto de vista pós-estruturalista e feminista. Em pesquisa anterior desenvolvemos metodologia para o estudo da dor crônica sem causa orgânica ou fibromialgia (FM), a que chamamos "diagnóstico psicossocial de gênero". Esse trabalho aborda a análise do objeto de estudo em si e, acima de tudo, busca uma nova concepção crítica de saúde em geral. Também utilizamos métodos qualitativos do trabalho de campo (histórias de vida, grupos de discussão e material documental) em nosso estudo de pessoas diagnosticadas com FM. Aqui apresentamos a ferramenta que usamos na diagnóstico psicossocial de gênero, usando um estudo de caso que encena um deslocamento do diagnóstico clínico de FM para a sua articulação com o diagnóstico psicossocial do gênero.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Fibromyalgia/diagnosis , Gender and Health , Chronic Pain , Cost of IllnessABSTRACT
El objetivo de este artículo es describir y comprender el fenómeno del dolor crónico sin causa orgánica (más conocido como fibromialgia), desde una perspectiva feminista y crítica, mediante la creación de una herramienta que diagnostique este malestar según sus dimensiones biopsicosociales: el diagnóstico psicosocial de género. Esta herramienta, que aquí se presenta, toma en consideración la dimensión laboral (tanto profesional como familiar) de las personas afectadas en el contexto cultural catalán (Estado Español) de las últimas cinco décadas, ambivalente en términos de igualdad de género. La producción de datos que se usan en este artículo se obtuvo a través de entrevistas en profundidad, realizadas en el área metropolitana de Barcelona (Catalunya, España), que se analizaron mediante análisis de contenido y análisis crítico del discurso.
The aim of this paper is to describe and understand the phenomena of chronic pain without organic cause (better known as fibromyalgia) from a feminist and critical perspective through made of a tool by which to diagnose this pain as bio-psycho-social dimensions: gender psycho-social diagnosis. This tool, presented here, taking into account the labour dimension (both professional and family) of the affected people in the cultural context Catalan (Spanish State) of the last 5 decades, ambivalent in terms of gender equality. The production data we use in this paper it's obtained through in-depth interviews (conducted in the metropolitan area of Barcelona, Catalunya, Spain) and analyzed by content analysis and critical discourse analysis.