ABSTRACT
The media claims for the consumption of natural resource-based food have gradually increased in both developing and developed countries. The interest in the safety of these products is partially due to the possible presence of toxigenic fungi acting as mycotoxin producers, such as aflatoxins produced during the secondary metabolism of Aspergillus flavus, A. parasiticus and A. nomius. Aflatoxins, mainly aflatoxin B1, are directly associated with liver cancer in human beings. This paper is aimed at evaluating the presence of aflatoxin B1 in a few vegetable drugs, dried plant extracts and industrialized products traded in 2010 in the city of Belo Horizonte, State of Minas Gerais, Brazil. The method used for the quantification of aflatoxin B1 was based on extraction through acetone:water (85:15), immunoaffinity column purification followed by separation and detection in high efficiency liquid chromatography. Under the conditions of analysis, the Limits of Detection and Quantification were 0.6 µg kg-1 and 1.0 µg kg-1respectively. The complete sets of analyses were carried out in duplicate. Aflatoxin B1 was noticed in a single sample (< 1.0 µg kg-1). The results revealed low aflatoxin B1contamination in the products under analysis. However, it is required to establish a broad monitoring program in order to obtain additional data and check up on the actual extension of contamination.
Subject(s)
Humans , Aflatoxin B1/analysis , Aflatoxin B1/metabolism , /analysis , Plant Extracts/analysis , In Vitro Techniques , Mycotoxins/analysis , Plants, Medicinal/metabolism , Plant Preparations/analysis , Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid/methods , Methods , Methods , VirulenceABSTRACT
Com o objetivo de avaliar as condições higiênicas dos refrigerantes, foram analisadas 100 amostras de diferentes marcas, nos sabores de cola, guaraná e frutas. As amostras, em embalagens Pet 2 litros, foram coletadas aleatoriamente no período de março a novembro de 2000, em estabelecimentos comerciais, pela Vigilância Sanitária do Estado (VISA/MG). Foram utilizadas duas metodologias distintas para enumeraçäo de fungos viáveis em bebidas e Número Mais Provável para bactérias do grupo Coliforme (APHA, 1992). A primeira técnica utilizada para enumeraçäo de fungos foi a do espalhamento em superfície, em placas contendo o meio Dicloran Rosa de Bengala Cloranfenicol (DRBC), e a segunda, a técnica de membrana filtrante, empregando dois meios: M-Green Yeast and Mold e o meio DRBC. 13 por cento das amostras foram condenadas como produtos em condições higiênicas insatisfatórias por apresentarem contagens de bolores e leveduras superiores à 20UFC/mL (Portaria 451/97 do MS/SVS-ítem XII, inciso a). Destas, 46,2 por cento apresentaram leveduras, 30,8 por cento leveduras e fungos filamentosos, e 23 por cento fungos filamentosos. Näo foram detectadas bactérias do grupo coliforme (ausência em 50mL da amostra). Das amostras condenadas, 92,3 por cento eram provenientes de indústrias classificadas como ruins ou precárias de acordo com suas instalações. (AU)
The aim of this study was to evaluate the hygienic and sanitary quality of soft drinks ofdifferent commercial brands, flavours cola, guaraná and fruits. The samples (2 liters Pet) were randomlycollected in commercial establisments by the Inspection Service (VISA/MG). Two methodologies wereused to enumerate viable fungi in beverages (APHA, 1992). The first one was the surface spread-platetechnique using Dicloran Rose Bengal Chloranphenicol medium, and the second one was the membranefilter technique, and media: M-Green Yeast and Mold and DRBC medium . 13% of the soft drink samplesshowed levels of yeast and mold higher than 20 CFU/mL being classified as unacceptable because of itshygienic conditions (Portaria 451/97 of MS/SVS item XII-a). 46.2% of these samples presented yeasts,30% yeasts and molds, and 23% molds. Coliforms were not detected in the samples. 92.3% of theunacceptable samples were provenient from industries classified as bad or precarious according to theirpremises.(AU)