ABSTRACT
The role of toxins in the pathogenesis of bloody diarrhea caused by Shigella and Salmonella isolated from children with bloody diarhea was studied for production of toxins active on cells in culture and in rat intestinal loops. Humman epithelial cellls from colon carcinoma (HT-29), Chinese hamster ovary cells (CHO) and kidney fibroblast from rhesus monkey (Vero) were used to detect cytotoxins. On HT-29 almost 50 percent of the Shigella and about 20 percent of the Salmonella strain caused rounding of cells; on CHO over 50 percent Salmonella and 20 percent of Shigella strains caused elongation of cells, some strains caused also rounding of these cells whereas on Vero over 60 percent of Salmonella and 40 percent of Shigella strains caused rounding of cells. Cytotoxicity on Vero and CHO cells was strongly inhibited with cholera toxin antiserum, whereas that on HT-29 was inhibited with C. difficile toxin B antiserum. Cytotonic activity on CHO cells and rounding on Vero cells seem to be suitable models to detect toxins cross-reacting with cholera toxin. Both species, Shigella and Salmonella, produce cytotoxins and enterotoxins which could play a role in intestinal disease