Seroprevalence of toxoplasma gondii in military personnel and their families referred to the military hospital in Tehran, Iran

Background: Toxoplasmosis is one of the world's most common infections in human and other warm-blooded vertebrates and has the most extensive universal spread. The purpose of this study is determining the seroprevalence of human Toxoplasma gondii infection, in the military personnel and their families referred to Baqiyatallah hospital, 2011-2015

Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, the serum of 3370 person contain 770 men and 2600 women attending the laboratories were selected and after completing the questionnaires and also by implementing Chemiluminescence method, these serums were examined for the presence of IgM and IgG immunoglobulins of the Toxoplasma gondii

Results: The results were analyzed using the chi-square test. They showed that there were no statistical relationships between the prevalence of IgG and gender in 2011, 2013, [P>0.05] but there were significant relationships between them in 2012, 2014 and 2015 [P<0.05], also there were no statistical relationships between the prevalence of IgM and gender in all years [P>0.05]. The results showed that there were statistical relationships among IgG and age [P<0.01] but there was no statistical relationships between IgM and age in all cases [P>0.05]

Conclusion: The results showed high prevalence of Toxoplasmosis in the military personnel and their families in Baqiyatallah hospital. The prevalence of IgG was somehow in the range and positive IgG titer was somewhat higher than what was reported in other studies in the North-West of the country; this could be partly due to the sensitivity and specificity of Chemiluminescence method compared to other methods of serology in diagnosis of Toxoplasmosis

Survey of vibration exposure and musculoskeletal disorder of Zahedan city tractor drivers by Nordics questionnaire

Exposure to vibration is the cause of some occupational injuries and diseases. Objective of this study was determination of vibration exposure of tractor drivers and assessment of musculoskeletal disorder. This cross-sectional and descriptive- analytical study was administrated to 95 tractor drivers to census method and measuring induced vibration to the drivers was done in three axis, x, y, and z in tractors with load [10000 liter water], without load, with 10 km/h speed, by the vibration meter instrument "Sevantek". The information related to musculoskeletal disorder was collected by using Nordic questionnaire. Data from both parts was analyzed by using SPSS. In the over load tractor group and with velocity vibration 10km/h, 50% of workers were in the range of reduced comfort boundary, 39.3% in the range of fatigue decreased proficiency boundary and 10.7% in over exposure limit. This results were in the without load tractor group and with the same velocity, 23.8% of people were in the range of reduced comfort boundary, 42.9% in the range of fatigue decreased proficiency boundary and 33.3% in the range of over exposure limit and waist with 56.8% had the greatest rate of pain and ankle with 9.5% had the least amount of pain rate. Using of many tractors in city to displace water and other applications, paying attention to the health of drivers and checking the periodically, is needed

Tracheal cartilage fracture with the percutaneous dilatational tracheostomy, Ciaglia method

Surgical tracheostomy was first introduced by an ENT surgeon [Chevalier Jackson] in 1900. In 1955, Seldinger, a Swedish radiologist, introduced a way of insertion of a tube with the aid of a guidewire into the hollow spaces of body, such as blood vessels. In 1985 Pasquale Ciaglia performed percutaneous dilatational tracheostomy [PDA] with the Seldinger method. Tracheostomy nowadays is usually performed as PDT in the ICUs[1]. Most of the PDT methods are performed with the Seldinger method. The basic difference between the various PDT methods, however, is in both the way of dilation and the way of dilator entrance [antegrade vs retrograde]. In the Ciaglia method, several dilator tubes are used for tracheal dilation[2]